- Gustav Hugo
Gustav von Hugo (
November 23 ,1764 -September 15 ,1844 ), was a Germanjurist .He was born atLörrach in Baden. From the gymnasium atKarlsruhe he passed in 1782 to theUniversity of Göttingen , where he studied law for three years. Having received the appointment of tutor to the prince of Anhalt-Dessau, he took his doctor's degree at theUniversity of Halle in 1788. Recalled in the same year to Göttingen as extraordinary professor oflaw , he became a full professor in 1792. In the preface to his "Beiträge zur civilistischen Bucherkenntniss der letzten vierzig Jahre" (1828-1829) he gives a sketch of the condition of the civil law teaching at Göttingen at that time.The Roman and German elements of the existing law were, without criticism or differentiation, welded into an ostensible whole for practical needs, with the result that it was difficult to say whether historical truth or practical ends were most prejudiced. As it was passed from person to person, new errors crept in, and even the best of teachers could not escape from the false method which had become traditional. These were the evils which Hugo set himself to combat, and he became the founder of that historical school of
jurisprudence which was continued and further developed by Savigny. His magna opera are the "Lehrbuch eines civilistischen Cursus" (7 vols., 1792-1821), in which his method is thoroughly worked out, and the "Zivilistiscizes Magazin" (6 vols., 1790-1837).Hugo was criticized, and ridiculed, by
Marx in the "Rheinische Zeitung" for justifying the "law of arbitrary power", that is, for endorsing societal injustice and exploitation simply because the institutions which generate them exist.For an account of his life see Eyssenhardt, "Zur Erinnerung an Gustav Hugo" (Berlin, 1845).
See also
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German Historical School
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