Burbot

Taxobox
name = Burbot


image_width = 250px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Actinopterygii
ordo = Gadiformes
familia = Lotidae
genus = "Lota"
species = "L. lota"
binomial = "Lota lota"
binomial_authority = Linnaeus, 1758The burbot ("Lota lota"), often referred to as a "junkfish", is a freshwater fish related to the cods. It is also known as the lawyer, and (misleadingly) eelpout, and closely related to the common ling and the cusk. It is most common in streams and lakes of North America and Europe above 40°N latitude. They are fairly common in Lake Erie but are also found in the other Great Lakes.

In Britain, the burbot is possibly an extinct fish as it is believed that there have been no documented catches of the species since the 1970s [http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/pfk/pages/item.php?news=246] . If the burbot does still survive in the UK, the counties of Cambridgeshire and Yorkshire (particularly the River Derwent or River Ouse) seem to be the strongest candidates for areas in which the species might yet continue to survive [http://www.bbc.co.uk/cgi-perl/whatson/prog_parse.cgi?FILENAME=20050313/20050313_1330_49700_46694_30] . There have been plans to re-introduce this freshwater member of the cod family back into British waters but these have yet to come to fruition.

In the 1920s, Minnesota druggist Theodore H. Rowell and his father, Joseph Rowell, a commercial fisherman on Lake of the Woods, were using the burbot as feed for the foxes on Joe’s blue fox farm. They discovered that the burbot contained something that improved the quality of the fox’s furs; this was confirmed by the fur buyers who commented that these furs were superior to other furs they were seeing. Ted felt it was something in the burbot, so he extracted some oil and sent it away to be assayed. The result of the assay was that the liver of the burbot is 3-4 times more potent in vitamin D, and 4–10 times more potent in vitamin A than “good grades” of cod liver oil. The vitamin content varies in Burbot from lake to lake, where their diet may have some variation. Additionally, the burbot liver makes up approximately 10% of the fish's total body weight, and their liver is six times larger than freshwater fish of comparable size. Ted also found in his research that the oil is lower in viscosity, and more rapidly digested and assimilated than most other fish liver oils. Ted went on to found the Burbot Liver Products Company which later became Rowell Laboratories, Inc., of Baudette, Minnesota, and is today a subsidiary of Solvay Pharmaceuticals of Brussels, Belgium.

The town of Walker, Minnesota, holds an International Eelpout Festival every winter on Leech Lake ["Annual International Eelpout Festival." Annual International Eelpout Festival. 26 Apr. 2008. 29 May 2008 .] . In Finland, its roe is sold as caviar. There is an annual spearfishing tournament held near Dauphin, Manitoba, Canada. One of the highlights of the tournament is the fish-fry where the day's catch is served up deep-fried. It may be of interest to note that burbot meat when cooked tastes very similar to the American lobster (Homarus americanus). Hence, other times referred to as "poorman's lobster".

The genus and species name "lota" comes from "la lotte," the old French word for "codfish." The Inuktitut word for burbot was used to name the extinct species "Tiktaalik".

In 1994, the World Record burbot was caught on Lake Athapapuskow, Manitoba, during the Flin Flon Fish Enhancement Society's Burbot Derby, by Vaughan Kshywiecki. The fish weighed 22 pounds 8 ounces and measured 42 1/2 inches long [Korte, Kim, and Debbie Collins. "Flin Flon Fish Enhancement Society - World Record Burbot." Flin Flon Fish Enhancement Society. 9 Mar. 1999. Flin Flon Fish Enhancement Society. 29 May 2008 .] .

References

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* [http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/pfk/pages/item.php?news=246 Experts to discuss reintroduction of Burbot to UK] , Matt Clarke, Practical Fishkeeping magazine
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/cgi-perl/whatson/prog_parse.cgi?FILENAME=20050313/20050313_1330_49700_46694_30 BBC Radio Programme - 13th March 2005]
* [http://www.rook.org/earl/bwca/nature/fish/lota.html Lota Lota]
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