- Hugues de Payens
Infobox Person
name = Hugues de Payens
caption =
birth_date = c.1070
birth_place =Payns
death_date = c.1136
death_place =Kingdom of Jerusalem
other_names =
known_for = First Grand Master of theKnights Templar
occupation =
nationality = ChampenoisHugues de Payens, also Hughes de Payns, Hughes de Pagan (English: Hugh of Payens or ""Hugh Pagan"") (c. 1070–1136), a French knight from the Champagne region, was the co-founder and first Grand Master of the
Knights Templar . With SaintBernard of Clairvaux , he created the "Latin Rule", the code of behavior for the Order.Biography
He was probably born at Château
Payns , about 10 km fromTroyes , in Champagne. He was originally a vassal of Count Hugh of Champagne, whom he accompanied on theFirst Crusade . It is likely that Hugues served in the army ofGodfroi de Boullion during the Crusade. Count Hugh of Champagne visited Jerusalem for a second time in 1108, accompanied by Hugues, who remained there after he returned to France. He organized the original nine monk-knights to defend pilgrims to the Holy Land in response to the call to action of PopeUrban II .De Payens approached King
Baldwin II of Jerusalem with eight knights, two of whom were brothers and all of whom were his relatives by either blood or marriage, in order to form the first of the Knights Templar.The other knights were
Godfrey de Saint-Omer ,Payen de Montdidier ,Archambaud de St. Agnan ,Andre de Montbard ,Geoffrey Bison , and two men recorded only by the names ofRossal andGondamer . The ninth knight remains unknown, although some have speculated that it was Count Hugh of Champagne himself.As Grand Master, he led the Order for almost twenty years until his death, helping to establish the Order's foundations as an important and influential international military and financial institution.
On his visit to
England andScotland in 1128, he raised men and money for the Order, and also founded their first House inLondon and another nearEdinburgh atBalantrodoch [http://www.clansinclair.org/Timeline6.htm] , now known asTemple, Midlothian .He died in
Palestine in 1136 and was succeeded as Grand Master byRobert de Craon .In popular culture
It has recently been claimed that the wife of Hugues de Payens was
Catherine St. Clair within the context of the alternative histories of Rosslyn. [e.g. Tim Wallace-Murphy, "The Templar Legacy & The Masonic Inheritance within Rosslyn Chapel", p.17 (The Friends of Rosslyn, 1994 ISBN 9521493-1-1).] [The claim that Hugues de Payens married Catherine St. Clair was made in "Les Dossiers Secrets d'Henri Lobineau" (1967), "Tableau Généalogique de Gisors, Guitry, Mareuil et Saint-Clair par Henri Lobineau" in Pierre Jarnac, "Les Mystères de Rennes-le-Château, Mélanges Sulfureux" (CERT, 1995).]A biography of Hugues de Payen by Thierry Leroy [Thierry Leroy, "Hugues de Payns, chevalier champenois, fondateur de l'ordre des templiers" (Troyes: edition de la Maison Boulanger, 1997).] identifies his wife and the mother of his children as Elizabeth de Chappes. The book draws its information on the marriage from local church cartularies dealing chiefly with the disposition of the Grand Master's properties, the earliest alluding to Elizabeth as his wife in 1113 and others spanning Payen's lifetime, the period following his death and lastly her own death in 1170.
Notes
ee also
*
Jacques de Molay
*Cistercians External links
* [http://www.angelfire.com/mi4/polcrt/KnightsTemplar1.html The Crusades and the Knights Templar]
* [http://www.bargaintraveleurope.com/07/France_Hughes_de_Payns_Museum_Champagne.htm Hugues de Payns Museum Payns, France]
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