- Iamb
An iamb or iambus is a
metrical foot used in various types ofpoetry . Originally the term referred to one of the feet of thequantitative meter ofclassical Greek prosody : a short syllable followed by a long syllable (as in i-amb). This terminology was adopted in the description ofaccentual-syllabic verse in English, where it refers to a foot comprising an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (as in a-bove).Accentual-syllabic use
In
accentual-syllabic verse we could describe an iamb as a foot that goes like this:Iambic pentameter is one of the most commonly used measures in English and Germanpoetry . A line of iambic pentameter comprises five consecutive iambs.Iambic trimeter is the metre of the spoken verses in Greek tragedy and comedy, comprising six iambs - as one iambic metrum consisted of two iambs. In English accentual-syllabic verse, iambic trimeter is a line comprising three iambs.Another common iambic form is
ballad verse , in which a line of iambictetrameter is succeeded by a line of iambic trimeter, usually inquatrain form.A. B. Paterson wrote much of his poetry in iambicheptameter (which is sometimes called the 'fourteener'), andSamuel Taylor Coleridge 's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner " also conforms to this stress pattern (although it is usually written as though it were composed of lines alternating between iambictetrameter and iambic trimeter).The reverse of an iamb is called a
trochee .Types of Meter
Tetrameter
:Lo, thus I triumph like a king,:Content with that my mind doth bring. (
Edward Dyer , "My Mind to Me A Kingdom Is "):'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves:Did gyre and gimble in the wabe. (
Lewis Carroll , "Jabberwocky ")Pentameter
:To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield. (
Alfred Tennyson , "Ulysses"):Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? (
William Shakespeare ,Sonnet 18 ):A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse! (
William Shakespeare , Richard III)Heptameter
:I s'pose the flats is pretty green up there in Ironbark. (
A. B. Paterson ,The Man from Ironbark )Key:
*Non-bold = unstressed syllable
*Bold = stressed syllableee also
*
Anapaest
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