Vendôme

French commune
nomcommune=Vendôme
The Loir River in Vendôme
région=Centre
département=Loir-et-Cher
("sous-préfecture")
arrondissement=Vendôme
canton=Chief town of 2 cantons
insee=41269
cp=41100
maire=Daniel Chanet
mandat=2001-2008
intercomm=Communauté de communes
du Pays de Vendôme
longitude=1.06638888889|latitude=47.7936111111|alt moy=82 m|alt mini=76 m|alt maxi=141 m
hectares=2,389
km²=23.89
sans=17,707
date-sans=1999
dens=741
date-dens=1999

Vendôme is a commune of north-central France.

Administration

Vendôme is the capital of the arrondissement of Vendôme in the Loir-et-Cher "département", of which it is a "sous-préfecture". It has a tribunal of first instance.

Geography

Vendôme is located 22 miles (35 km) northwest of the city of Blois and 40 minutes from Paris by TGV train. The town lies on the Loir River, which here divides into numerous arms intersecting the town.

ights

On the south it is overlooked by an eminence on which stand ruins of the castle of the counts of Vendôme. The abbey-church of the Trinity has a fine facade in the florid Gothic style. The belfry, surmounted by a stone steeple, stands isolated in front of the church; it belongs to the middle of the 12th century, and is one of the finest examples of Transition architecture. Abbey buildings of various periods lie round the church. The church of La Madeleine (15th century) is surmounted by a stone spire, an indifferent imitation of that of the abbey. The fine tower of St. Martin (16th century) represents the vanished church of that name.

Other remarkable monuments are: the old gate of St. George; its river front is composed of two large crenelated and machicolated towers, connected by a pavilion, and The ancient hospital of St Jacques that afterwards became a college of the Oratorians, then a "lycée" for boys and that is now occupied by the town administration offices. the charming chapel, in the most florid Gothic style, is preserved. In the garden surrounding, is located the tourism office in an ancient building called l'Orangerie (facing the public library). The town has a well-known archaeological and scientific society, and possesses a library with more than three hundred manuscripts, and a museum, mostly archaeological, in front of which stands a statue of the poet Pierre de Ronsard. There is also a statue of Marshal Rochambeau, born at Vendôme in 1725. Some interesting houses of the 15th and 16th centuries survive.

History

Vendôme (in Latin: "Vindocinum") appears originally to have been a Gallic "oppidum", replaced later by a feudal castle, around which the modern town arose. Christianity was introduced by Saint Bienheuré in the 5th century, and the important abbey of the Trinity (which claimed to possess a tear shed by Jesus at the tomb of Lazarus) was founded about 1030. When the reign of the House of Capet began, Vendôme formed the chief town of a county belonging to Bouchard, called "the Venerable", who died in the monastery of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés in 1007.

The succession passed by various marriages to the houses of Nevers, Preuilly and Montoire. Bouchard VII, count of Vendôme and Castres (died "circa" 1374), left as his heiress his sister Catherine, the wife of John of Bourbon, count of la Marche. The county of Vendôme was raised to the rank of a duchy and a peerage of France for Charles of Bourbon (1515); his son Anthony of Bourbon, king of Navarre, was the father of Henry IV, who gave the duchy of Vendôme in 1598 to his illegitimate son Caesar (1594 - 1665). Caesar, duke of Vendôme, took part in the disturbances which went on in France under the government of Cardinal Richelieu and of Cardinal Mazarin, and had as his sons Louis, duke of Vendôme (1612-1669), who married a niece of Mazarin, and Francis, duke of Beaufort. The last of his family in the male line was Louis XIV's famous general, Louis Joseph, duc de Vendôme (1645-1712).

Miscellaneous

Nominoe, King of Brittany, died undefeated in Vendôme in 851, after conquering the counties of Maine and Anjou.

The Comte de Rochambeau, leader of 6,000 French troops in the American Revolutionary War, was born in Vendôme.

Napoleon disliked this place very much – so much that he almost ordered it to be destroyedFact|date=April 2008.

Place Vendôme in Paris was so named because it had once been the location of the hôtel of the duc de Vendôme, illegitimate son of Henri IV and his mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées.

ee also

* List of counts and dukes of Vendôme

References

*1911