Dai dai shogi

Dai dai shogi
Shogi variants
Standard shogi (9×9, drops)
Small variants
Nana shogi (3×3)
Dōbutsu shōgi (3×4, for children)
Micro shogi (4×5)
Minishogi (5×5)
Kyoto shogi (5×5)
Judkins shogi (6×6)
Whale shogi (6×6)
Tori shogi (7×7)
Yari shogi (7×9)
Heian shogi (8×8 or 9×8, 12th c.)
Standard-size variants
Sho shogi (9×9, 16th c.)
Cannon shogi (9×9)
Hasami shogi (9×9, 9 or 18 pc.)
Hand shogi (9×9, 19 pc., 10 in hand)
Annan shogi (9×9, neighbors influence movement)
Unashogi (9×9, all drops)
Large variants
Okisaki shogi (10×10)
Wa shogi (11×11)
Chu shogi (12×12)
Heian dai shogi (13×13)
Dai shogi (15×15)
Tenjiku shogi (16×16)
Dai-dai shōgi (17×17)
Maka dai-dai shōgi (19×19)
Kō shōgi (19×19)
Tai shogi (25×25)
Taikyoku shogi (36×36)
Three- and four-player variants
Sannin shogi (hexagonal board, 7 cells on a side, three-person)
Yonin shogi (9×9, four-person)

Daidai shōgi (大大将棋 'huge chess') is a large board variant of shogi (Japanese chess). The game dates back to the 15th century and is based on the earlier Dai shogi. Apart from its size, the major difference is in the range of the pieces and the “promotion by capture” rule. It is the smallest board variant to use this rule.

Contents

Rules of the game

Objective

The objective is to capture the opponent's king. Unlike standard shogi, pieces may not be dropped back into play after being captured.

Game equipment

Two players, Black and White (or sente and gōte), play on a board composed of squares in a grid of 17 ranks (rows) by 17 files (columns) with a total of 289 squares. The squares are undifferentiated by marking or color.

Each player has a set of 96 wedge-shaped pieces of 64 different types. In all, the players must remember 68 different moves. The pieces are of slightly different sizes, from largest to smallest (or roughly most to least powerful) they are:

  • 1 King (King general/Jeweled general)
  • 1 Free king
  • 1 Rushing bird
  • 1 Free demon
  • 1 Free dream-eater
  • 1 Water buffalo
  • 1 Dragon king
  • 1 Dragon horse
  • 1 Square mover
  • 1 Racing chariot
  • 1 Rook
  • 1 Bishop
  • 1 Golden bird
  • 1 Great dragon
  • 1 Standard bearer
  • 1 Fragrant elephant
  • 1 White elephant
  • 1 Lion
  • 1 Lion dog
  • 1 Dove
  • 1 She-devil
  • 1 Blue dragon
  • 1 White tiger
  • 1 Right chariot
  • 1 Left chariot
  • 1 Phoenix
  • 1 Kirin
  • 1 Poisonous snake
  • 1 Old kite
  • 2 Violent oxen
  • 1 Flying dragon
  • 1 Enchanted fox
  • 1 Old rat
  • 1 Enchanted badger
  • 1 Flying horse
  • 1 Prancing stag
  • 2 Savage tigers
  • 1 Hook mover
  • 1 Long-nosed goblin
  • 1 Northern barbarian
  • 1 Southern barbarian
  • 1 Eastern barbarian
  • 1 Western barbarian
  • 1 Neighboring king
  • 1 Blind monkey
  • 2 Ferocious leopards
  • 2 Evil Wolves
  • 2 Violent bears
  • 1 Right general
  • 1 Left general
  • 2 Gold generals
  • 2 Silver generals
  • 2 Copper generals
  • 2 Iron generals
  • 2 Wood generals
  • 2 Stone generals
  • 2 Angry boars
  • 1 Cat sword
  • 2 Reverse chariots
  • 2 Lances
  • 2 Side movers
  • 1 Vertical mover
  • 2 Howling Dogs
  • 17 Pawns

Many of the English-language names are chosen to correspond to their rough equivalents in Western chess, not necessarily as translations of the Japanese names.

Each piece has its name in the form of two Japanese characters marked on its face. On the reverse side of some pieces are one or two other characters, often in a different color (e.g., red instead of black); this reverse side is used to indicate that the piece has been promoted during play. The pieces of the two sides do not differ in color, but instead each piece is shaped like a wedge, and faces forward, toward the opposing side. This shows who controls the piece during play.

Listed below are the pieces of the game and, if they promote, which pieces they promote to.

Table of pieces

Relatively few pieces promote (or demote) in dai dai shogi. A few pieces (*asterisked) only appear upon promotion.

Piece Kanji Rōmaji Abbrev. Promotes to
Jeweled general 玉将 gyokushō K 玉 —
King general 王将 ōshō K 王 —
Angry boar 嗔猪 shincho AB 猪 —
Bishop 角行 kakugyō B 角 —
Blind monkey 盲猿 mōen BM 猿 mountain witch
Blue dragon 青龍 seiryū BD 青 —
Cat sword 猫刄 myōjin CS 猫 dragon horse
Copper general 銅将 dōshō C 銅 —
Dove 鳩槃 kyūhan Do 鳩 —
Dragon horse 龍馬 ryūme DH 馬 —
Dragon king 龍王 ryūō DK 竜 —
Eastern barbarian 東夷 tōi Ea 東 lion
Enchanted badger 変狸 henri EB 狸 dove
Enchanted fox 変狐 henko EF 狐 she-devil
Evil wolf 悪狼 akurō EW 狼 —
Ferocious leopard 猛豹 mōhyō FL 豹 —
Flying dragon 飛龍 hiryū FD 龍 dragon king
Flying horse 馬麟 barin FH 麟 free king
Fragrant elephant 香象 kōzō FE 象 —
Free demon 奔鬼 honki Fr 鬼 —
Free king 奔王 honnō FK – —
Free dream-eater 奔獏 honbaku FT 獏 —
*Furious fiend 奮迅 funjin FF 迅 —
Gold general 金将 kinshō G 金 —
Golden bird 金翅 kinshi GB 翅 —
Great dragon 大龍 dairyū GD 大 —
*Great elephant 大象 taizō GE – —
Hook mover 鉤行 kōgyō HM 行 —
Howling dog

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