Jack Teagarden

Infobox musical artist
Name = Jack Teagarden

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Img_capt = Photo by Ralph F. Seghers
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Background = solo_singer
Birth_name = Weldon Leo "Jack" Teagarden
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Born = birth date|1905|8|20
Died = death date and age|1964|1|15|1905|8|20
Origin = Vernon, Texas
Instrument = trombone, vocalist
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Genre = Jazz
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Associated_acts = Peck Kelley
Louis Armstrong
Benny Goodman
Bix Beiderbecke
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Weldon Leo "Jack" Teagarden (August 20, 1905–January 15, 1964) was an influential jazz trombonist and vocalist.

Born in Vernon, Texas, his brothers Charlie and Clois "Cub" and his sister Norma also became noted professional musicians. Teagarden's father was an amateur brass band trumpeter and started young Jack on baritone horn; by age 10 he had switched to trombone. He first heard jazz music played by the Louisiana Five and decided to play in the new style.

Teagarden's trombone style was largely self-taught, and he developed many unusual alternative positions and novel special effects on the instrument. He is usually considered the most innovative jazz trombone stylist of the pre-Bebop era, and did much to expand the role of the instrument beyond the old tailgate style role of the early New Orleans brass bands. Chief among his contributions to the language of jazz trombonists was his ability to interject the blues or merely a "blue feeling" into virtually any piece of music.

By 1920 Jack Teagarden was playing professionally in San Antonio, including with the band of pianist Peck Kelley. In the mid 1920s he started traveling widely around the United States in a quick succession of different bands. In 1927, he came to New York City where he worked with several bands. By 1928 he played for the Ben Pollack band.

Within a year of the commencement of his recording career, he became a regular vocalist, first doing blues material ("Beale Street Blues", for example), and later doing popular songs. He is often mentioned as one of the better white male jazz vocalists of the era.

In the late 1920s he recorded with such notable bandleaders and sidemen as Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman, Bix Beiderbecke, Red Nichols, Jimmy McPartland, Mezz Mezzrow, Glenn Miller, and Eddie Condon. Glenn Miller and Teagarden collaborated to provide lyrics and a verse to Spencer Williams' Basin Street Blues, which in that amended form became one of the numbers that Teagarden played until the end of his days."'

In the early 1930s Teagarden was based in Chicago, for some time playing with the band of Wingy Manone. He played at the Century of Progress exposition in Chicago. Teagarden sought financial security during The Great Depression and signed an exclusive contract to play for the Paul Whiteman Orchestra from 1933 through 1938. The contract with Whiteman's band provided him with financial security but prevented him from playing an active part in the musical advances of the mid-thirties swing era.

Teagarden then started leading his own big band. In spite of Teagarden's best efforts, the band was not a commercial success, and Jack was brought to the brink of bankruptcy.

In 1946 Jack joined Louis Armstrong's All Stars. Armstrong and Teagarden's work together shows a wonderful rapport, in particular their duet on "Rocking Chair". In late 1951 Teagarden left to again lead his own band, then co-led a band with Earl Hines, then again with a group under his own name with whom he toured Asia in 1958 and 1959.

Teagarden was also a prolific and popular singer. He sang in a lyric baritone-tenor voice. There was a warm honesty to his vocals; very much like he played his trombone. His singing is best remembered for duets with Louis Armstrong and Johnny Mercer.

Teagarden appeared in the movies "Birth of the Blues" (1941), "The Glass Wall" (1953), and "Jazz on a Summer's Day" (1959). He was an admired recording artist, featured on RCA Victor, Columbia, Decca, Capitol, and MGM Records discs. As a jazz artist he won the 1944 Esquire magazine Gold Award, was highly rated in the Metronome polls of 1937-42 and 1945, and was selected for the "Playboy" magazine All Star Band, 1957-60.

Teagarden was the featured performer at the Newport Jazz Festival of 1957. Saturday Review wrote in 1964 that he "walked with artistic dignity all his life," and the same year Newsweek praised his "mature approach to trombone jazz."

Richard M. Sudhalter writes (in 'Lost Chords: White Musicians and Their Contribution to Jazz', Oxford University Press 1999): "The late trumpet player Don Goldie, who spent four years in Teagarden's band and had known him since childhood 'always got a feeling that a lot of happiness was locked away inside Jack, really padlocked, and never came out...just this feeling of sadness. It was always there'.

"Jack Teagarden died, alone, [of pneumonia] in his room at the Prince Conti Hotel in the French Quarter of New Orleans on January 15, 1964. He was only 58. "I sometimes think people like Jack were just go-betweens," Bobby Hackett told a friend. "The Good Lord said, 'Now you go and show 'em what it is', and he did. I think everybody familiar with Jack Teagarden knows that he was something that happens just once. It won't happen again. Not that way..."

"...Connie Jones, the New Orleans cornetist working with Jack Teagarden at the time of the trombonist's death, was a pallbearer for the wake, held at a funeral parlor on leafy St. Charles Avenue: 'I remember seeing him there in a coffin, a travelling coffin. They were going to fly him to Los Angeles for burial right after that. The coffin was open and I remember thinking 'Boy he really looks uncomfortable in there'.

"'Not that he was that tall. Maybe five foot ten or so, at most. But he was kinda wide across the shoulders - and most of all he just gave you the impression he was a big man, in every way. In that coffin, - well, I can't really explain it, but he seemed to be scrunched up into a space that was too small to contain him'". He was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills in Los Angeles, California.

The coda of Teagarden's recording career is the album "Think Well of Me", recorded in January 1962 and made up of his singing and trombone playing, accompanied by strings, on compositions by his old musical associate Willard Robison: available on Verve CD 314 557 101-2

External links

* [http://www.geocities.com/aficionado.geo/ A Tribute To Jack Teagarden - The Life and Times of Big T]
* [http://jackteagarden.com/ Official Jack Teagarden Site]
* [http://www.music-city.org/Jack-Teagarden/discography/ Jack Teagarden discography (Music City)]
* [http://cnx.org/content/m13431/latest/ "Jack Teagarden" - A short Biography]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=7475 Jack Teagarden: Photos & Gravesite]