Adhesin

Adhesin

Adherence is often an essential step in bacterial pathogenesis or infection, required for colonizing a new host.cite journal |author=Coutte L, Alonso S, Reveneau N, Willery E, Quatannens B, Locht C, Jacob-Dubuisson F |title=Role of adhesin release for mucosal colonization by a bacterial pathogen |journal=J Exp Med |volume=197 |issue=6 |pages=735–42 |year=2003 |url=http://www.jem.org/cgi/content/full/197/6/735 |pmid=12629063 |doi=10.1084/jem.20021153] To effectively adhere to host surfaces, many bacteria produce multiple adherence factors called adhesins. For example, nontypeable "Haemophilus influenzae" expresses the adhesins Hia, Hap, Oap and a hemagglutinating pili.

Adhesins are attractive vaccine candidates because they are often essential to infection and are surface-located, making them readily accessible to antibodies.

The effectiveness of anti-adhesin antibodies is illustrated by studies with FimH, the adhesin of uropathogenic "Escherichia coli" (UPEC). In animal models, passive immunization with anti FimH-antibodies and vaccination with the protein significantly reduced colonization by UPEC.cite journal |author=Langermann S, Möllby R, Burlein J, Palaszynski S, Auguste C, DeFusco A, Strouse R, Schenerman M, Hultgren S, Pinkner J, Winberg J, Guldevall L, Söderhäll M, Ishikawa K, Normark S, Koenig S |title=Vaccination with FimH adhesin protects cynomolgus monkeys from colonization and infection by uropathogenic Escherichia coli |journal=J Infect Dis |volume=181 |issue=2 |pages=774–8 |year=2000 |pmid=10669375 |doi=10.1086/315258] Moreover, the "Bordetella pertussis" adhesins FHA and pertactin are components of 3 of the 4 acellular pertussis vaccines currently licensed for use in the U.S.

References


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  • adhesin — (ad he zin) A molecular component on the surface of a microorganism that is involved in adhesion to a substratum or cell. Adhesion to a specific host tissue usually is a preliminary stage in pathogenesis, and adhesins are important virulence… …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • adhesin — noun Any of several factors that enable bacteria to adhere to epithelial surfaces as a step towards infection …   Wiktionary

  • adhesin — ad·he·sin (ad heґzin) any of a group of molecular components of the exterior cell wall of bacteria, involved in adhesion processes. See adhesion (def. 1) …   Medical dictionary

  • adhesin — …   Useful english dictionary

  • Bacterial adhesin — Adhesins are cell surface components or appendages of bacteria that facilitate bacterial adhesion or adherence to other cells or to inanimate surfaces. Adhesins are a type of virulence factor. Adherence is an essential step in bacterial… …   Wikipedia

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