Hertha Thiele

Hertha Thiele (born 1908 in Leipzig - died 5 August 1984) was a German actor. She is noted for her starring roles in controversial stage plays and films produced during Germany's Weimar Republic and the early years of the Third Reich. Thiele later became a television star in East Germany. She is most widely remembered for her portrayal of Manuela in the groundbreaking lesbian film Mädchen in Uniform (1931).

Career in Weimar and Nazi Germany

One of her early drama teachers told Thiele, "Either you'll have a great stage career or nothing at all. You have a Botticelli face but one which suggests depravity." Thiele began her professional acting career in 1928 as a stage actress in Liepzig. In 1931 she was given the lead role in the film adaptation of a play she had done there, "Krankheit der Jugend" but now called "Mädchen in Uniform", a tale set in a Prussian boarding school for girls. The film had an all-female cast and Thiele played Manuela, a fourteen year old schoolgirl deeply infatuated with her teacher, Fraülein von Bernburg who was played by Dorothea Wieck. "Mädchen in Uniform" was distributed internationally and briefly made Thiele a star. She received thousands of fan letters, mostly from women.

In 1932 she starred with Ernst Busch in Bertolt Brecht's "Kuhle Wampe". In 1933 Thiele had a leading role in "Kleiner Mann, was nun?" and was reunited with Dorothea Wieck in another lesbian-themed film, "Anna und Elisabeth", which was banned by the Nazis soon after it opened and which she later said was the most important work of her career. She also continued to work in theatre during the early 1930s, including productions with Max Reinhardt ("Harmonie", 1932) and Veit Harlan ("Veronika", 1935).

Her career was thwarted when the Nazi government approached her with repeated requests to assist in the production of National Socialist propaganda. During one meeting with propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels, who advised Thiele to "familiarise" herself with National Socialism, she replied, "I don't blow with the wind each time it changes directions." Although she made further efforts to reach a workable understanding with Goebbels, by 1936 the Nazis had come to view her work as mostly subversive and she was excluded from the "Reichstheater" and "Reichsfilmkammer". In 1937 she left Germany for Switzerland. It was another five years before she was able to find acting work in Bern.

Later fame in East Germany

Hertha Thiele returned to the German Democratic Republic (GDR or the former East Germany) after the war but was unsuccessful in her efforts to begin a theatre. She returned to Switzerland and worked as a psychiatric nursing assistant during most of the 1950s and 1960s. In 1966 Thiele again returned to the GDR, working in stage productions in Magdeburg and Leipzig. During the 1970s she was often seen on East German television, acting in sundry series and made-for-television films which were virtually unknown in West Germany, including the popular "Polizeiruf 110". In 1975 Thiele's work was featured in a television documentary, "Das Herz auf der linken Seite" and in 1983 a monograph on her life and work was published by Deutsche Kinematek.

She reportedly married more than once. One of her husbands was actor Heinz Klingenberg.

Towards the end of her life she was sought out by western feminists researching the history of "Mädchen in Uniform" and enjoyed a small measure of renewed cult celebrity before her death in 1984.

In 1998 German film historians Heide Schlüpmann and Karola Gramman noted, "her acting success may well have been based upon her image which met the homo-erotic desires of both men and women, though perhaps more those of women." They further wrote that Hertha Thiele "told us she would have liked to have played a 'proper love scene' with a man, once in her life: her image, moulded by men, didn't allow her the expression of this desire."

Filmography (before 1937)

*"Mädchen in Uniform" (1931)
*"Kuhle Wampe" (1932)
*"Frau Lehmanns Töchter" (1932)
*"Die elf Schill'schen Offiziere" (1932)
*"Das erste Recht des Kindes" (1932)
*"Kleiner Mann - was nun?" (1933)
*"Anna und Elisabeth" (1933)
*"Elisabeth und der Narr" (1933)

Filmography (after 1966)

*"Geheimcode b 13" (1967)
*"Der Mörder sitzt im Wembley-Stadion" (1970)
*"Herr Peter Squenz" (1971)
*"Husaren in Berlin" (1971)
*"Istanbul-Masche" (1971)
*"Lützower" (1972)
*"Florentiner 73" (1972)
*"Reife Kirschen" (1972)
*"Die Legende von Paul und Paula" (1973)
*"Neues aus der Florentiner 73" (1974)
*"Die Bibliothekarin" (1976)
*"Hostess" (1976)
*"Die unverbesserliche Barbara" (1976)
*"Don Juan, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 78" (1979)
*"Insel im See" (1980)

East German television series

*"Polizeiruf 110: Minuten zu spät" (1972)
*"Die Verschworenen" (1972)
*"Adam und Eva" (1973)
*"Der Staatsanwalt hat das Wort: ...und wenn ich nein sage?" (1973)
*"Polizeiruf 110: Schwarze Ladung" (1976)

External links

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* [http://film.virtual-history.com/person.php?personid=626 Virtual History - Photographs]