Out-of-order delivery

In computer networking, out-of-order delivery is the delivery of data packets in a different order from which they were sent. Out-of-order delivery can be caused by packets following multiple paths through a network, or via parallel processing paths within network equipment that are not designed to ensure that packet ordering is preserved. One of the functions of TCP is to prevent the out-of-order delivery of data, either by reassembling packets into order or forcing retries of out-of-order packets.

Packet reordering is a common behavior in real-world networks.

See also

• Packet loss
• Selective ACK
• IP Fragmentation

External links

• RFC 4737, Packet Reordering Metrics, A. Morton, L. Ciavattone, G. Ramachandran, S. Shalunov, J. Perser, November 2006
• RFC 5236, Improved Packet Reordering Metrics, A. Jayasumana, N. Piratla, T. Banka, A. Bare, R. Whitner, June 2008
• http://kb.pert.geant.net/PERTKB/PacketReordering
• http://www-iepm.slac.stanford.edu/monitoring/reorder/

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