Oldest synagogues in Canada

The designation of the Oldest synagogue in Canada requires careful use of definitions, and must be divided into two parts, the oldest in the sense of oldest surviving building, and the oldest in the sense of oldest congregation. Even here, there is the distinction between old synagogue buildings that have been in continuous use as synagogues, and those that have been converted to other purposes, between buildings that have been in continuous use as synagogues and those, such as the Touro, that were shuttered for many decades, and between early established congregations that have been in continuous existence and early congregations that ceased to exist.

Oldest Congregations

• The Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of Montreal, 1760, is the oldest congregation in Canada.

Oldest buildings

• The 1863 building of Congregation Emanu-El (Victoria, British Columbia) is the oldest surviving synagogue building.

By province

Alberta

• The Montefiore Institute of the 1910 Montefiore colony in Alberta, now known as Little Synagogue on the Prairie in Calgary's Heritage Park, is the first Jewish house of worship in a Canadian historical park.^[1]

Ontario

• Toronto Hebrew Congregation - Holy Blossom, formed in 1856, was the first Jewish congregation in Canada west of Montreal. Its current building dates to 1938.
• Knesseth Israel was founded in 1909 and its shul, completed in 1913, in Toronto's Junction neighbourhood is the city's oldest synagogue building still in operation.
• United Brothers Jewish Synagogue, designed by Cecil Burgess, Rideau Street near Chapel Street, Ottawa 1912; demolished c. 1960.^[2]
• The First Russian Congregation of Rodfei Sholem Anshei Kiev was founded in 1914 and its Kiever Synagogue was built in 1927 on the edge of Toronto's Kensington Market.
• Beth Israel Anshei Minsk congregation was founded in 1912 in Toronto's Kensington Market. Its shul was completed in 1930.
• The First Narayever Congregation was founded in 1914. Its current shul on Brunswick Avenue was acquired in 1940.
• The Beach Hebrew Institute in Toronto's east end was founded in 1919. Its shul was originally constructed in 1895 as a Baptist church and was acquired by the congregation in 1919. In 1926, alterations were made to the interior and exterior of the building, including the construction of a new facade.
• Machzikey Hadas Jewish Synagogue, designed by Werner Edgar Noffke, King Edward Avenue at Murray Street, Ottawa 1926-27 ^[3]

Quebec

• The Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of Montreal, dating from 1760 and formally established in 1768, is the oldest Congregation in Canada and therefore Quebec. The Congregation is now housed in its fourth premises in the Snowdon-Cotes des Neiges area of Montreal since 1947.
• Congregation Shaar Hashomayim was founded in 1846. It is the oldest and largest traditional Ashkenazi Congregation in Canada. The current synagogue building, situated in Westmount, close to downtown Montreal, was dedicated in 1922. Further information, including a detailed historical timeline can be found at : www.shaarhashomayim.org
• The Bagg Street Shul began operating in 1922.

Saskatchewan

• The 1906 building of Beth Israel Synagogue (Edenbridge, Saskatchewan) is probably the oldest surviving synagogue building in the province.

By movement

• Reform: Temple Emanu-El-Beth Sholom (Westmount, Quebec)

See also

• Oldest synagogues in the world
• Oldest synagogues in the United States
• Oldest synagogues in the United Kingdom
• History of the Jews in Canada

References

1. ^ "Calgary synagogue honours Montefiore settlers", Calgary Herald, June 29, 2009
2. ^ "Dictionary of Architects in Canada". http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1246. Retrieved November 16, 2011. 
3. ^ "Dictionary of Architects in Canada". http://dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org/architects/view/1453. Retrieved November 16, 2011.