Turkic tribal confederations
- Turkic tribal confederations
-
The Turkic term oğuz or oğur (in z- and r-Turkic, respectively) is a historical term for "military division; clan, tribe". The oguz were divisions of the early Turkic Nomadic empires of the 6th to 11th centuries, including Khazars, Avars, Bulgars and Uyghurs. With the Mongol invasions of 1206-1221, the Turkic khaganates were replaced by Mongol or hybrid Turco-Mongol confederations, where the corresponding military division came to be known as orda.
The 8th-century Kül Tigin stela has the earliest attestation of the term in Old Turkic epigraphy, as Toquz Oghuz "six tribes" The term occurs in numerous proper names of tribes or confederations of the time of the Turkic migration during the early medieval period, viz.
The Old Turkic stem uq-, oq- "kin, tribe" is from a Proto-Turkic *uk. The Old Turkic word is sometimes connected with the Old Turkic word oq "arrow";[1] Pohl (2002) in explanation of this connection adduces the Chinese T'ang-shu chronicle, which reports that "the khan divided his realm into ten tribes. To the leader of each tribe, he sent an arrow. The name [of these ten leaders] was 'the ten she ', but they were also called 'the ten arrows'." [2][3] An oguz (ogur) was in origin a military division of a Nomadic empire, and only secondarily acquired tribal or ethnic connotations, by processes of ethnogenesis.[3]
References
- ^ Sergei Anatolyevich Starostin, Turkic etymology (Online Etymological Database Project), citing VEWT 511, ЭСТЯ 1, 582-583, Егоров 76. Starostin thought the connection with "arrow" was made "erroneously".
- ^ the "arrows" connection was first reported by Édouard Chavannes, Documents sur les Tou-kiue (Turcs) occidentaux, 1900.
- ^ a b Walter Pohl, Die Awaren: ein Steppenvolk im Mitteleuropa, 567-822 n. Chr, C.H.Beck (2002), ISBN 9783406489693, p. 26-29.
- Karoly Czeglédy, On the Numerical Composition of the Ancient Turkic Tribal Confederations, Acta Orient. Hung., 25 (1972), 275-281.
See also
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
Turkic peoples — Total population Approximately 160 million[citation needed] Regions with signifi … Wikipedia
List of Turkic states and empires — Modern Turkic countries Independent states*flagicon|Azerbaijan Azerbaijan *flagicon|Kazakhstan Kazakhstan *flagicon|Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan *flagicon|Turkmenistan Turkmenistan *flagicon|Turkey Turkey *flagicon|Uzbekistan Uzbekistan = De facto… … Wikipedia
Nomadic empire — Nomadic empires, sometimes also called Steppe Empires, Central or Inner Asian Empires, are the empires erected by the bow wielding, horse riding, nomadic peoples in the Eurasian steppe, from Classical Antiquity (Scythia) to the Early Modern era… … Wikipedia
Islāmic world — Introduction prehistory and history of the Islamic community. Adherence to Islām is a global phenomenon: Muslims predominate in some 30 to 40 countries, from the Atlantic to the Pacific and along a belt that stretches across northern… … Universalium
Genghis Khan — This article is about the person. For other uses, see Genghis Khan (disambiguation). Temujin redirects here. For the video game, see Temujin (video game). Genghis Khan Khagan of the Mongol Empire (Supreme Khan of the Mongols) King of Kings… … Wikipedia
Khazars — Kazar redirects here. For the Marvel Comics character, see Ka Zar. For the village in Azerbaijan, see Xəzər. For Khazar University, see Khazar University. Khazaria Eastern Tourkia Khaganate … Wikipedia
Steppe, the — ▪ geographical area, Eurasia Introduction belt of grassland that extends some 5,000 miles (8,000 kilometres) from Hungary in the west through Ukraine and Central Asia to Manchuria in the east. Mountain ranges interrupt the steppe, dividing it… … Universalium
Göktürks — Infobox Former Country common name = Göktürk Empire native name = Göktürk Empire continent = Asia region = Central AsiaFact|date=October 2008 status = Khaganate capital = ÖtükenFact|date=October 2008 year start = 551 year end = 747 p1 = Xiongnu… … Wikipedia
Qaraei — Infobox Ethnic group http://www.rugreview.com/or95k1.jpg] caption = A Qaraei man group = Qaraei pop = ca. ? region1 = flagcountry|Iran pop1 = ? (est. ? of total) ref1 = region2 = flagcountry|Azerbaijan pop2 = ? ref2 = region3 = flagcountry|Turkey … Wikipedia
Naimans — Eurasia shortly before Genghis Khan s conquests, 13th century The Naimans, also Naiman Turks[1][2] or Naiman Mongols,[3] ( … Wikipedia
