Neill Malcolm

Sir Neill Malcolm
Born	8 October 1869 London, United Kingdom
Died	21 December 1953 London, United Kingdom
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1889 - 1924
Rank	Major-General
Commands held	66th Division 39th Division 30th Division Troops in the Straits Settlements
Battles/wars	Second Boer War World War I
Awards	Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Distinguished Service Order

Major-General Sir Neill Malcolm KCB DSO (8 October 1869 – 21 December 1953) was a British Army officer who commanded the Troops in the Straits Settlements.

Military career

Educated at St Peter's School, York, Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst,^[1] Malcolm was commissioned into the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders in 1889.^[2] He served in the Second Boer War and was made Deputy Assistant Quartermaster General at Army Headquarters 1906 and Secretary of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence in 1908 before becoming a General Staff Officer at the Staff College, Camberley in 1912.^[2] He served in World War I as a General Staff Officer with the British Expeditionary Force, with the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force and then with 5th Army in France.^[2] He was then General Officer Commanding 66th Division from 1917, 39th Division from 1918 and 30th Division from later that year.^[2] After the War he was Chief of the British Military Mission to Berlin from 1919 and then General Officer Commanding the Troops in the Straits Settlements in 1921 before retiring in 1924.^[2] While in Berlin it has been suggested that Malcolm was the origin of the Stab-in-the-back legend that helped propel Hitler to power. In the autumn of 1919, when Erich Ludendorff was dining with Malcolm in Berlin, Malcolm asked Ludendorff why he thought Germany lost the war. Ludendorff replied with his list of excuses: the home front failed us, etc. To cut a long story short,^[3]

Malcolm asked him: "Do you mean, General, that you were stabbed in the back?" Ludendorff's eyes lit up and he leapt upon the phrase like a dog on a bone. "Stabbed in the back?" he repeated. "Yes, that's it, exactly, we were stabbed in the back." And thus was born a legend which has never entirely perished.

In retirement he was President of the North Borneo Chartered Company from 1926 to 1946 and High Commissioner for German refugees from 1936 to 1938.^[2]

Family

In May 1907 he married his cousin, Angela Malcolm; they had a daughter and two sons.^[1]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives
3. ^ John W. Wheeler-Bennett (Spring 1938). "Ludendorff: The Soldier and the Politician". The Virginia Quarterly Review 14 (2): 187-202. http://www.vqronline.org/articles/1938/spring/wheelerbennett-ludendorff-soldier/. 

Military offices
Preceded by Sir Dudley Ridout	GOC Troops in the Straits Settlements 1921–1924	Succeeded by Sir Theodore Fraser

Persondata
Name	Malcolm, Neill
Alternative names
Short description	British Army World War I general
Date of birth	8 October 1869
Place of birth	London, United Kingdom
Date of death	21 December 1953
Place of death	London, United Kingdom