- Moroccans in Spain
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Moroccans in Spain Total population 758,00 (2011)
12.7% of Spain's foreign population
1.4% of Spain's population[1]Religion Moroccans in Spain form 12.7% of the 5,598,691 foreigners in Spain. They were formerly the largest foreign group in Spain, but were surpassed by Romanians in 2007.[3][4][1] In 2003, they were estimated to make up about 6% of all Moroccans abroad.[5]
Contents
Migration history
Before 1985, Moroccans did not require visas to enter Spain. Many young came for seasonal or short-term work in agriculture and industry, coming and going from Spain without settling there. A new visa law implemented that year, La Ley de Extranjeria, was quite restrictive, and did not provide for permanent residence permits.[6] As late as 1992, official statistics showed only 16,665 Moroccans residing in Spain (of whom 14,998 lived in peninsular Spain).[7] In the following years, many Moroccans came to take jobs in the agricultural, hospitality, construction, and service sectors.[2] By 2000, their population had increased to 199,782 individuals. Along with the growing numbers of migrants, their composition also shifted, with a higher proportion of women among them.[8]
2000 also marked a significant shift in Spanish immigration laws; Law 4/2000 passed that year created mechanisms for family reunification, regularisation of illegal migrants, and acquisition of permanent residency.[9] By 2008, official statistics showed 652,695 legal Moroccan residents of Spain.[4] Beginning in September that year, Spanish authorities began offering payments to unemployed immigrants if they agreed to cancel their residency and leave the country. With official statistics showing 82,262 unemployed Moroccans in Spain, there were expected to be many who would take advantage of the payments.[10] However, according to provisional figures, the Moroccan population of Spain continued to grow during the year, and had reached 758,000 by the beginning of 2011, 8.8% higher than the 2008 total.[4][11]
Notable people
- Mohammed ben Mizzian (1897-1975), Francoist general from Spanish Morocco (Beni Ensar, near Nador, in present-day Morocco)
- Nayim (1966- ), former footballer
- Mohamed El Yaagoubi (born 1977), commonly known as Moha, football midfielder who currently plays for Girona FC
- Yousef El Nasri (1979- ), long-distance runner
- Hakim, singer
- Nasser Saleh, Actor
References
Notes
- ^ a b INE 2009
- ^ a b Ambach, Bettina (2004-03-18), "Spain's Muslims: Living on Society's Edge", Deutsche Welle, http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,1146159,00.html, retrieved 2009-03-24
- ^ INE 2007
- ^ a b c INE 2008
- ^ Khaldi 2003, p. 141
- ^ Empez Vidal 2007, p. 9
- ^ Khaldi 2003, p. 144
- ^ Khaldi 2003, p. 142
- ^ Empez Vidal 2007, p. 10
- ^ Touahri, Sarah (2008-08-06), "Facing unemployment, Moroccans in Spain return home", Maghrebia, http://www.magharebia.com/cocoon/awi/xhtml1/en_GB/features/awi/features/2008/08/06/feature-02, retrieved 2009-03-24
- ^ INE 2011
Sources
- Empez Vidal, Núria (February 2007), Social construction of neglect: the case of unaccompanied minors from Morocco to Spain, Working Papers, 7, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, http://www.demogr.mpg.de/papers/working/wp-2007-007.pdf, retrieved 2009-03-24
- Khaldi, Mohammed (July 2003), "Les Marocains résidant en Espagne: caractéristiques démographiques et sociales", in Kabbaj, Khadija, Marocains de l’Extérieur, Rabat: Fondation Hassan II pour les Marocains Résidant à l’Etranger, pp. 141–206, ISBN 9-95440019-2, http://www.alwatan.ma/html/Publication_Fondation/Publication_2006/Publication/Ouvrage.pdf, retrieved 2009-03-24
Data tables
- "Población extranjera por sexo, país de nacionalidad y edad (hasta 85 y más).", Avance del Padrón a 1 de enero de 2009. Datos provisionales, Spain: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2009, http://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do?path=/t20/e245/p04/provi/l0/&file=00000010.PX&type=pcaxis&L=0, retrieved 2009-06-13
- "Población extranjera por sexo, país de nacionalidad y edad (hasta 85 y más).", Revisión del Padrón municipal 2008. Datos a nivel nacional, comunidad autónoma y provincia., Spain: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2008, http://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do?path=/t20/e245/p04/a2008/l0/&file=00000010.px&type=pcaxis&L=0, retrieved 2009-06-13
- "Población extranjera por sexo, país de nacionalidad y edad (hasta 85 y más).", Revisión del Padrón municipal 2007. Datos a nivel nacional, comunidad autónoma y provincia., Spain: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, 2008, http://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do?path=/t20/e245/p04/a2007/l0/&file=00000010.px&type=pcaxis&L=0, retrieved 2009-06-13
Further reading
- Izquierdo Escribano, Antonio (July 2003), "L’immigration en Espagne", in Kabbaj, Khadija, Marocains de l’Extérieur, Rabat: Fondation Hassan II pour les Marocains Résidant à l’Etranger, pp. 122–140, ISBN 9-95440019-2, http://www.alwatan.ma/html/Publication_Fondation/Publication_2006/Publication/Ouvrage.pdf, retrieved 2009-03-24
- López García; Berriane, Mohamed, eds. (2004), Atlas de la inmigración marroquí en España, Taller de Estudios Internacionales Mediterráneos, Autonomous University of Madrid, ISBN 8-47477951-0, http://www.uam.es/otroscentros/TEIM/Observainmigra/Atlas%202004%20inicio.htm, retrieved 2009-03-24
- Martín Muñoz, G.; García Castaño, F. J.; Lopez Sala, A.; Crespo, R. (2003), Marroquíes en España: Estudio sobre su integración, Madrid: Fundación Repsol YPF
Moroccan diaspora By country 
Immigration to Spain Africa Cape Verde · MoroccoAmericas Asia Europe See also Categories:- Spanish people of Moroccan descent
- Moroccan diaspora
- Ethnic groups in Spain
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