Mass No. 2 (Bruckner)

Mass No. 2 (Bruckner)

The Mass No. 2 in E minor, WAB 27, by Anton Bruckner is a setting of the mass ordinary for vocal soloists, chorus and wind band. Bruckner wrote it to celebrate the construction of a new church.

Bruckner made four successive revisions of the work, in 1866, 1869, 1876, and 1882. Two versions of the mass are available:

  • Version 1 of 1866, issued by Nowak in 1977
  • Version 2 of 1882, issued by Doblinger (1896), Haas/Nowak (1940 and 1949), and Nowak (1959)

Globally the differences among these two versions are small and are hardly audible when listening to it.

Contents

Setting

The piece is based strongly on old-church music tradition, and particularly old Gregorian style singing. The Kyrie is almost entirely made up of a capella singing for eight voices. The Gloria ends with a fugue, as in Bruckner's other masses.[1] In the Sanctus, Bruckner uses a theme from Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina's Missa Brevis.

  1. "Kyrie" Feierlich, E minor, cut time
  2. "Gloria" Allegro, C major, common time
    —"Qui tollis peccata..." Andante
    —"Quoniam tu solus sanctus..." Tempo Primo
  3. "Credo" Allegro, C major, 3/4
    —"Et incarnatus est..." Adagio, F major, common time
    —"Et resurrexit..." Allegro
    —"Et in Spiritum sanctum..." 3/4
    —"mortuorum, ..." Etwas langsamer
  4. "Sanctus" Alla breve, mehr langsam, E minor, cut time
  5. "Benedictus" Moderato, C major, common time
  6. "Agnus Dei" Andante, E minor, common time
    —"Dona nobis pacem..." Etwas bewegter

Previously Bruckner had been criticized for "simply writing symphonies with liturgical text," and although the Cecilians were not entirely happy with the inclusion of wind instruments, "Franz Xaver Witt loved it, no doubt rationalizing the use of wind instruments as necessary under the circumstances of outdoor performance for which Bruckner wrote the piece."[2]

Nota bene

The Deutscher Michel theme of the scherzo of Bruckner's eight symphony is a reminiscence of the Credo of this mass.

Discography

About 90 recordings of Bruckner's Mass No. 2 have been issued.

Of the recordings from the LP era, Eugen Jochum's recording with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra and Chorus on Deutsche Grammophon[3] has been remastered to CD.

Matthew Best's more recent recording with the Corydon Singers has been critically acclaimed.[4]

Other excellent recordings, according to Hans Roelofs, are i.a. that by Roger Norrington, Philippe Herreweghe and Winfried Toll.

  • Eugen Jochum, Chor und Mitglieder des Sinfonieorchesters des Bayerischen Rundfunks, LP: DG 2530 139, 1971 - CD: DG 423 127-2 (Box set of 4 CD)
  • Roger Norrington, Schütz Choir London, Philip Jones Wind Ensemble CD: London/Decca 430365, 1973
  • Matthew Best, Corydon Singers and English Chamber Orchestra Wind Ensemble, CD: Hyperion CDA 66177, 1985
  • Philippe Herreweghe, Collegium Vocale Gent & Chapelle Royale Paris, Ensemble Musique oblique, Harmonia Mundi France HMC 901322, 1989
  • Winfried Toll, Camerata Vocale Freiburg, Bläser von L'Arpa Festante, CD: Ars Musici 232828, 2008

Notes

  1. ^ p. 50, Hawkshaw (2004)
  2. ^ p. 48 (2008) Strimple
  3. ^ p. 28, Lovallo (1991)
  4. ^ p. 361, Johnson (2008)

References

  • Brown, A. Peter (2002) The second golden age of the Viennese symphony: Brahms, Bruckner, Dvořák, Mahler, and selected contemporaries Indiana University Press, Indianapolis
  • Hawkshaw, Paul (1997) "An anatomy of change: Anton Bruckner's Revisions to the Mass in F minor" Bruckner Studies edited by Timothy L. Jackson and Paul Hawkshaw, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Hawkshaw, Paul (2004) "Bruckner's large sacred compositions" The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner edited by Williamson, John, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Hawkshaw, Paul (2005) "Foreword" Anton Bruckner: Sämtliche Werke: Band 18: Messe F-Moll: Studienpartitur Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Vienna
  • Kinder, Keith William (2000) The Wind and Wind-Chorus Music of Anton Bruckner Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut.
  • Jackson, Timothy (1997) "Bruckner's 'Oktaven'", Music & Letters Vol. 78, No. 3
  • Johnson, Stephen (2008) "Anton Bruckner, Masses nos. 1 - 3" 1001 Classical Recordings You Must Hear Before You Die, Rye Matthew (editor), Universe, New York.
  • Lovallo, Lee T (1991) "Mass no. 2 in e minor" - Anton Bruckner: a Discography, Rowman & Littlefield, New York
  • Redlich, Hans Ferdinand (1967) Preface to Mass in F minor (revision of 1881), Ernst Eulenburg, Ltd, London
  • Schönzeler, Hans-Hubert (1978) Bruckner, Marion Boyars, London.
  • Simpson, Robert (1967) The Essence of Bruckner: An essay towards the understanding of his music, Victor Gollancz Ltd, London.
  • Strimple, Nick (2008) Choral music in the nineteenth century, Hal Leonard, New York
  • Watson, Derek (1975) Bruckner, J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd, London.

External links


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