Michael Cullen (politician)

The Honourable Dr Michael John Cullen
Dr Cullen in 2007.
40th Minister of Finance
In office 5 December 1999 – 19 November 2008
Prime Minister	Helen Clark
Preceded by	Bill Birch
Succeeded by	Bill English
Constituency	None (list, formerly St. Kilda)
16th Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand
In office 15 August 2002 – 19 November 2008
Prime Minister	Helen Clark
Preceded by	Jim Anderton
Succeeded by	Bill English
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for St Kilda
In office 1981–1996
Preceded by	William Fraser
Succeeded by	Seat Abolished
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Dunedin South
In office 1996–1999
Preceded by	Seat Established
Succeeded by	David Benson-Pope
Member of the New Zealand Parliament for Labour Party List
In office 1999 – 29 April 2009
Succeeded by	Damien O'Connor
Personal details
Born	5 February 1945 (1945-02-05) (age 66) London, UK
Political party	Labour
Spouse(s)	Anne Fraser
Profession	Lecturer

Michael John Cullen (born 5 February 1945, London) was a New Zealand politician. He served as Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand, also Minister of Finance, Minister of Tertiary Education, and Attorney-General. He was the deputy leader of the Labour Party from 1996 until November 2008, when he resigned following a defeat in the general election. He resigned from Parliament in April 2009, to become the deputy chairman of New Zealand Post from 1 November 2009,^[1] (and Chairman from 1 November 2010).

Early life

Michael Cullen migrated to New Zealand while young and attended secondary school at Christ's College in Christchurch, and achieved an MA in History at Canterbury University. Receiving the Commonwealth Scholarship he then gained a PhD in Social and Economic History from the University of Edinburgh. From 1971 to 1981 he was a lecturer at Otago University, with a term as a Visiting Fellow at the Australian National University from 1975 to 1976.^[2] On 16 December 2009, he received an honorary LLD from the University of Otago in recognition of "his contributions as an Otago academic and as a respected and highly influential politician".^[3]

Member of Parliament

Parliament of New Zealand
Years	Term	Electorate	List	Party
1981–1984	40th	St Kilda		Labour
1984–1987	41st	St Kilda		Labour
1987–1990	42nd	St Kilda		Labour
1990–1993	43rd	St Kilda		Labour
1993–1996	44th	St Kilda		Labour
1996–1999	45th	Dunedin South	2	Labour
1999–2002	46th	List	2	Labour
2002–2005	47th	List	2	Labour
2005–2008	48th	List	2	Labour
2008–2009	49th	List	2	Labour

Cullen joined the Labour Party in 1974, and served on the party's Executive and Council between 1976 and 1981. In 1981 he was elected MP for the Dunedin electorate of St Kilda.

Fourth Labour Government

Main article: Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand

When Labour entered government in 1984, Cullen became Senior Whip. Due to his knowledge of economics, Cullen became increasingly involved in the disputes surrounding the Minister of Finance, Roger Douglas, who supported the liberalisation of trade and the sale of state assets plus deep tax cuts. These goals, which were against traditional Labour policies, angered both party members and the public. When the Prime Minister, David Lange, attempted to limit the influence Douglas had on the government's direction, Cullen became involved on Lange's side. After Labour's re-election in 1987, Cullen was made Associate Minister of Finance (an attempt by Lange to provide an anti-reform counterbalance to the radical Douglas) and Minister of Social Welfare (an attempt to limit the impact of the reforms in that area)^{[citation needed]}.

Eventually, Douglas was forced to resign, but a month later the political controversies around the dispute prompted the resignation of Lange himself. Douglas was succeeded as Finance Minister by David Caygill, one of his allies (albeit a considerably less radical one). Cullen was made Associate Minister of Health, again to reduce the effect of reforms on that sector.

Opposition

When Labour lost the 1990 election (something attributed by many people to public anger at Douglas' reforms, and disarray within the Labour Party), Cullen returned to being Labour's spokesperson on social welfare. The following year, he replaced David Caygill as the party's chief finance spokesperson. When Caygill retired from politics in 1996 Cullen took the deputy leader's post as well. Before Labour's position in the polls improved, Cullen was also involved in an attempt to oust Helen Clark as party leader, which was not successful. The two do not appear to bear each other any resentment, however. Cullen has claimed to be happy with his position as second, saying that in terms of personality, he is "a number two sort of person". Many commentators agree, believing that Cullen's strength lies more in administration than leadership.^{[citation needed]}

Fifth Labour Government

Main article: Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand

Cullen delivering the 2008 budget press conference.

Labour's electoral victory in 1999 resulted in Cullen becoming Minister of Finance. After the 2002 election, the size of Labour's junior coalition partner was not sufficient to justify its leader holding the Deputy Prime Minister position, resulting in Jim Anderton being replaced as Deputy Prime Minister by Michael Cullen.

In 2005 Cullen was appointed Attorney-General, following the election of Margaret Wilson as Speaker of the House. His appointment was controversial because of his non-legal background (he was only the second non-lawyer to hold the post) and because of his previous criticisms of the judiciary, including the Chief Justice Dame Sian Elias. His term in the position ended following the 2005 general election. However, with the resignation of David Parker in March 2006, Cullen took over the position again.

When Cullen was first appointed Minister of Finance, many parts of the business community were concerned that he would adopt unrealistic positions driven by his political views. Slowly, however, the business world lost much of its fear of him, and most people conceded that he was a competent administrator. Viewed as secure in his role as deputy prime minister, he was not thought of as a likely contender as a possible future replacement for prime minister Helen Clark.^{[citation needed]} He was considered to be one of the Labour Party's best parliamentary debaters, and is known for his sometimes "acerbic" sense of humour.

The day after the defeat of Labour in the 2008 general elections and Helen Clark's resignation as party leader, Cullen announced his resignation as deputy leader of the Labour Party.^[4]

In 2004 Cullen declared his support for the monarchy of New Zealand, he was "a sort of token monarchist in the Cabinet these days."^[5] However, in 2010 he repudiated that stance, taking the view that New Zealand should move towards a republic once the Queen's reign ends.^[6]

References

1. ^ "Cullen leaves politics for NZ Post role". The New Zealand Herald. 7 April 2009. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10565648. 
2. ^ "Hon Dr Michael Cullen". New Zealand Parliament. Archived from the original on 1 November 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071101101714/http://www.parliament.nz/en-NZ/MPP/MPs/MPs/6/4/d/48MP601-Cullen-Michael.htm. Retrieved 5 December 2007. 
3. ^ "Otago to confer honorary degrees on Michael Cullen, Trevor Scott". University of Otago. 9 December 2009. http://www.otago.ac.nz/news/news/otago006337.html. Retrieved 31 December 2009. 
4. ^ "Cullen resigns after election defeat". The New Zealand Herald. 9 November 2008. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz-election-2008/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501799&objectid=10542042. Retrieved 9 November 2008. 
5. ^ Daily Hansard: Clerk of the House of Representatives. Clerk of the House of Representatives. 16 December 2004. 
6. ^ "Cullen: New Zealand should be republic". Herald on Sunday. 29 August 2010. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10669598. Retrieved 29 August 2010. 

External links

• New Zealand Parliament biography
• New Zealand Labour Party biography
• Executive Government biography

Parliament of New Zealand
Preceded by Bill Fraser	Member of Parliament for St Kilda 1981–1996	Constituency abolished
New constituency	Member of Parliament for Dunedin South 1996–1999	Succeeded by David Benson-Pope
Political offices
Preceded by Jim Anderton	Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand 2002–2008	Succeeded by Bill English
Preceded by Bill Birch	Minister of Finance 1999–2008
Party political offices
Preceded by David Caygill	Deputy Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party 1996–2008	Succeeded by Annette King

Persondata
Name	Cullen, Michael John
Alternative names
Short description	Politician, academic
Date of birth	5 February 1945
Place of birth	London, United Kingdom
Date of death
Place of death