Dakṣiṇācāra

The term Dakshinachara (Right-Hand Path) is a technical term used to refer to Tantric sects that do not engage in heterodox practices. In contrast, Vamachara (Left-Hand Path) is used to describe particular tantric practices that are considered heterodox according to usual Hindu social norms.

Etymology

N. N. Bhattacharyya explains the Sanskrit technical term Ācāra as follows:

" [t]he means of spiritual attainment which varies from person to person according to competence.... Ācāras are generally of seven kinds -- Veda, Vaiṣṇava, Śaiva, Dakṣiṇa, Vāma, Siddhāṇta, and Kaula, falling into two broad categories -- Dakṣiṇa and Vāma. Interpretations vary regarding the nature and grouping of the ācāras."^[1]

Dakṣiṇa mans "right".^[2] For this reason, the term Dakṣiṇāra is often translated "Right-hand practice".

Practices

The Brahma Yamala, a Tantric text, says there are three currents of tradition (dakshina, vama, and madhyama) characterized respectively by the predominance of each of the three gunas (sattva, rajas, and tamas). According to this text, dakshina is characterized by sattva, and is pure; vama, characterized by rajas, is mixed; and madhyama, characterized by tamas, is impure. The Tantras of each class follow a particular line of spiritual practices.^[3] Dakshinachara consists of traditional Hindu practices such as asceticism and meditation.

See also

• Left-Hand Path and Right-Hand Path
• Pañcaratra
• Tantra

Notes

1. ^ Bhattacharyya (1999) pp. 368-69.
2. ^ Macdonell, A. A. (1996) p. 115.
3. ^ Bagchi, P. C. "Evolution of the Tantras" in: Prabhananda (2000) pp. 13-14.

References

• Bhattacharya, N. N. History of the Tantric Religion. Second Revised Edition. Manohar Publications, Delhi, 1999. ISBN 81-7304-025-7
• Macdonell, Arthur Anthony. A Practical Sanskrit Dictionary. Munshiram Monoharlal Publishers. 1996 Edition. ISBN 81-215-0715-4