- Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces
-
Revolutionary Armed Forces
Fuerzas Armadas RevolucionariasFounded 1960 Service branches Army
Air and Air Defense Force
Revolutionary Navy
paramilitary unitsLeadership Commander-in-Chief Pres. Raúl Castro Minister of the Revolutionary Armed Forces Corps Gen. Julio Casas Regueiro Manpower Conscription 3 years active duty Available for
military serviceMen (17–49): 3,134,622
Women (17–49): 3,022,063, age 15–49Fit for
military serviceMen (17–49): 1,929,370
Women (17–49): 1,888,498, age 15–49Active personnel 85,000 (2011 est.) Expenditures Percent of GDP 3.8% (2006) Industry Domestic suppliers Union of Military Industry Related articles History Military history of Cuba Ranks Ranks of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces The Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces consist of ground forces, naval forces, air and air defence forces, and other paramilitary bodies including the Territorial Troops Militia (Milicias de Tropas Territoriales—MTT), Revolutionary Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias—FAR), and Youth Labor Army (Ejército Juvenil del Trabajo—EJT).
The armed forces has long been the most powerful institution in Cuba and high-ranking generals are believed to play crucial roles in all conceivable succession scenarios.[1] The military controls 60 percent of the economy through the management of hundreds of enterprises in key economic sectors.[2][3] The military is also Raúl Castro's base.[3] In numerous speeches, Raúl Castro has emphasized the military's role as a people's partner.[4]
Contents
Overview
From 1966 until the late 1980s, massive Soviet Government military assistance enabled Cuba to upgrade its military capabilities up to number 1 in Latin America and project power abroad. The first Cuban military mission in Africa was established in Ghana in. Cuba's military forces appeared in Algeria, in 1963, when a distinctly military "medical brigade" came over from Havana to support a moribund regime.[5] Since the 1960s, Cuba sent military forces to African and Arab countries; Syria in 1973, Ethiopia in 1978, the Cuban intervention in Angola from 1975–1989, and Nicaragua and El Salvador during the 1980s.
The Soviet Union gave both military and financial aid to the Cubans. The tonnage of Soviet military deliveries to Cuba throughout most of the 1980s exceeded deliveries in any year since the military build-up during the 1962 Cuban missile crisis. In 1994, Cuba's armed forces were estimated to have 235,000 active duty personnel and now reduced to 80,000 as of.[citation needed]
In 1989, the government instituted a purge of the armed forces and the Ministry of Interior, convicting Army Major General and Hero of The Republic of Cuba Arnaldo Ochoa, Ministry of Interior Colonel Antonio de la Guardia (Tony la Guardia), and Ministry of Interior Brigadier General Patricio de la Guardia on charges of corruption and drug trafficking. This judgment is known in Cuba as "Causa 1" (Cause 1). Ochoa and Antonio de la Guardia were executed. Following the executions, the Army was drastically downsized, the Ministry of Interior was moved under the informal control of Revolutionary Armed Forces chief General Raúl Castro (Fidel Castro's brother), and large numbers of army officers were moved into the Ministry of Interior.
Cuban military power has been sharply reduced by the loss of Soviet subsidies. Today, the Revolutionary Armed Forces number 79,000 regular troops.[6] The DIA reported in 1998 that the country's paramilitary organizations, the Territorial Militia Troops, the Youth Labor Army, and the Naval Militia had suffered considerable morale and training degradation over the previous seven years but still retained the potential to "make an enemy invasion costly.".[7] Cuba also adopted a "war of the people" strategy that highlights the defensive nature of its capabilities.
The Cuban military has held high-level talk with the Pakistan military. The Pakistani military stressed to Cuba that it has strong defence infrastructure both in defence production and in shape of military academies to provide the necessary help and cooperation to turn the Cuban military into a modern and effective "blitzkrieg" military.[citation needed]
Army
In 1984, according to Jane's Military Review, there were three major geographical commands, Western, Central, and Eastern. There were a reported 130,000 all ranks, and each command was garrisoned by an Army comprising a single armoured division, a mechanised division, and a corps of three infantry divisions, though the Eastern Command had two corps totalling six divisions.
A U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency assessment in the first half of 1998 said that the Army's armour and artillery units were at low readiness levels due to 'severely reduced' training, generally incapable of mounting effective operations above the battalion level, and that equipment was mostly in storage and unavailable at short notice.[8] The same report said that Cuban special operations forces continue to train but on a smaller scale than beforehand, and that while the lack of replacement parts for its existing equipment and the current severe shortage of fuel were increasingly affecting operational capabilities, Cuba remained able to offer considerable resistance to any regional power.[9]
2002 Organisation
In 1999 the Revolutionary Army (Ejercito Revolucionario) represented approximately 70 percent of Cuba's regular military manpower. According to the IISS, the Army's estimated 45,000 troops included 39,000 members of the Ready Reserves who were completing the forty-five days of annual active-duty service necessary for maintaining their status, as well as conscripts who were fulfilling their military service requirement[10].
The IISS reported in 1999 that the army's troop formations consisted of four to five armored brigades; nine mechanized infantry brigades; an airborne brigade; fourteen reserve brigades; and the Border Brigade. In addition, there is an air defense artillery regiment and a surface-to-air missile brigade. Each of the three territorial armies is believed to be assigned at least one armored brigade-usually attached to the army's headquarters-as well as a mechanized infantry brigade. As well, it is known that the Border Brigade in Guantanamo and at least one ground artillery regiment (attached to a mechanized infantry brigade), based in Las Tunas, are under the Eastern Army's command[11].
1996 Organisation
There are estimated to be 38,000 army personnel.[6] As of 1996, according to Jane's Information Group, the army is organized into three Territorial Military Commands with three Armies, one army for each command.[12]
Revolutionary Army Command:
- Airborne brigade consisting of 2 battalions (at Havana and its immediate environs)
- Artillery division (at Havana and its immediate environs)
- SAM Brigade[13]
- An anti-aircraft artillery regiment[13]
Western Army (deployed in the capital and the provinces of Havana and Pinar del Río)
- 1st Armored Training Division
- 70th Mechanised Division
- 78th Armored Division
2nd (Pinar del Río) Army Corps:
- 24th Infantry Division
- 27th Infantry Division
- 28th Infantry Division
Central Army (Provinces of Matanzas, Villa Clara, Cienfuegos and Sancti Spiritus)
- 81st Infantry Division
- 84th Infantry Division
- 86th Infantry Division
- 89th Infantry Division
- 12th Armored Regiment/1st Armored Division
- 242nd Infantry Regiment/24th Infantry Division
4th (Las Villas) Army Corps:
- 41st Infantry Division
- 43rd Infantry Division
- 48th Infantry Division
Eastern Army (Provinces of Santiago de Cuba, Guantánamo, Granma, Holguín, Las Tunas, Camagüey and Ciego de Avila)
- 3rd Armored Division
- 6th Armored Division
- 9th Armored Division
- 31st Infantry Division
- 32nd Infantry Division
- 38th Infantry Division
- 84th Infantry Division
- 90th Infantry Division
- 95th Infantry Division
- 97th Infantry Division
- Guantanamo Frontier Brigade
- 123rd Infantry Division/former 12th Infantry Division
- 281st Infantry Regiment/28th Infantry Division
6th (Holguín) Army Corps:
- 50th Mechanised Division
- 52nd Infantry Division
- 54th Infantry Division
- 56th Infantry Division
- 58th Infantry Division
6th (Camagüey) Army Corps:
- 60th Mechanised Division
- 63rd Infantry Division
- 65th Infantry Division
- 69th Infantry Division
Equipment
Infantry weapons
- AKM assault rifle
- AMD-65 assault rifle
- Vz. 58 assault rifle
- Škorpion vz. 61 Submachine gun
- Cz 75 automatic pistol
- RPK light machine gun
- KPV heavy machine gun
- PKM machine gun
- SKS carbine
- Dragunov SVD sniper rifle
- VSS Vintorez sniper rifle
- Mambi Anti-material rifle
- AS Val suppressed assault rifle
- RPG-7 rocket-propelled-grenade launcher
- SPG-9 Recoilless rifle
- Makarov PM semi-automatic pistol
- Stechkin APS automatic pistol
- PM-63 RAK sub-machine gun
- AGS-17 automatic grenade launcher
- RGD-5 Grenade
Light tanks
Medium Tanks (300) Some were modernized with 122mm artillery pieces.
Main battle tanks (1,550)
- T-54/55 (112) modernized active, others used as Self-Propelled Artillery with D-30 mounted; 1,000+ in storage[14]
- T-62 (320) T-62Ms active;[14]
- T-72 (60) T-72M1/M2 (not to be confused with the Soviet export versions.) [14]
Reconnaissance armoured vehicles (100)
Infantry fighting vehicles (400)
Armoured personnel carriers (700)
- BTR-152
- BTR-40
- BTR-50
- BTR-60 Various versions of this vehicle. Including one with a T-55 turret instead of the KPV.
Towed artillery (620)
Self-propelled artillery (100)
- 2S1 Gvozdika
- 2S3 Akatsiya
- UNKNOWN NAME ( with a D-30 122mm)
- T-34/85 with a D-30 122mm mounted
- T-55 with M-46 130mm mounted
Multi rocket launchers (200)
- BM-14
- BM-21
- BM-21PD Locally built version of the BM-21
- P-15 Termit
Mortars (2,000)
- M-41/43
- M-38/43
Anti-tank weapons
- AT-1 Snapper
- AT-3 Sagger mounted on the BTR-60s,, and some .
- 9K111 Fagot
- D-44
- SU-100
- T-12
Anti-aircraft guns (+1000)
Ballistic missiles
SAMs
- SA-6 Gainful-12
- SA-7 Grail
- SA-8 Gecko - 16
- SA-9 Gaskin - 60
- SA-13 Gopher- 42
- SA-14 Gremlin
- SA-16 Gimlet
- S-75 Dvina - 144. (Easy to find in Google Earth).
- S-125 Neva/Pechora - 60
Self-propelled SAM
- SA-2 - 25 (On T-55 chassis)
- S-125 Neva/Pechora (On T-55 chassis) Lots of this missiles were seen in the Cuban Military Parade of 2006.
Special Forces
Special Forces units include the Black Wasps of the army, and Desembarco de Granma a Special marine unit of the Navy. The Ministry of interior also has a special paramilitary unit.
Air and Air Defense Force (DAAFAR)
Cuban Revolutionary Air Force Active 1960-present Country Cuba Branch Air Force Insignia Roundel Former roundels Fin flash Aircraft flown Attack L-39, Mi-24 Fighter MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-29 Trainer L-39 Transport Mi-8, Mi-17, An-24 The Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force (Spanish: Defensa Anti-Aérea Y Fuerza Aérea Revolucionaria) commonly abbreviated to DAAFAR in both Spanish and English, is the air force of Cuba.
Former aircraft include: MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, North American B-25 Mitchell, North American P-51 Mustang, and the Hawker Sea Fury
In the 1980s, Cuba with the help of the Soviet Union was able to project power abroad, using its air force, especially in Africa. During that time Cuba sent jet fighters and transports to fight in countries such as Angola (against UNITA / South Africa) and Ethiopia (against Somalia)
In 1990, Cuba's Air Force was the best equipped in Latin America. In all, the modern Cuban Air Force imported approximately 230 fixed-wing aircraft. Although there is no exact figure available, Western analysts estimate that at least 130 (with only 25 operational[16]) of these planes are still in service spread out among the thirteen military airbases on the island.
In 1998, according to the same DIA report mentioned above, the air force had 'fewer than 24 operational MIG fighters; pilot training barely adequate to maintain proficiency; a declining number of fighter sorties, surface to air missiles and air-defense artillery to respond to attacking air forces.[17]
By 2007 the International Institute for Strategic Studies assessed the force as 8,000 strong with 41 combat capable aircraft and a further 188 stored. DAAFAR is known now to have integrated another Mig-29 and a few MiG-23 which makes it 57 combat aircraft in service which are listed as 6 MiG-29s, 40 MiG-23s, and 11 MiG-21s. There were also assessed to be 12 operational transport aircraft plus trainers which include 8 L-39C and helicopters which are mainly Mil Mi-8, Mil Mi-17 and Mil Mi-24 Hind. Raúl Castro has ordered in 2010 that all MiG-29 pilots had to have full training, they now have from 200–250 hours of flight annually together with real Dogfight training and exercises. Up to 20 MiG-23 units also have this kind of training but the other 16 MiG-23 units spend more time in Simulators than real flight. MiG-21 units have limited time in this exercises and spend more time in simulators and maintain their skills flying with the commercial brand of the air force Aerogaviota.
A look at Google Earth 22*52'28.40" N 82*30'26.04" W[18] at San Antonio de los Banos military air field, south west of Havana, will reveal what appear to be 8 MiG-21s, 19 MiG-23s, 2 MiG-29s and an Mi-8 left out to rust in the tropical sun. It looks like the jungle is overtaking some of these aircraft as well.
Aircraft Origin Type Version Total Del'd Total Now Combat Aircraft Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed Soviet Union fighter
trainerMiG-21MF
MiG-21UM60
107
5Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23 Flogger Soviet Union fighter
multirole fighter
trainerMiG-23MF/MS
MiG-23ML
MiG-23UB21
21
519
21
2Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Fulcrum Soviet Union fighter
multirole fighter
trainerMiG-29B
MiG-29UB14
25
1Mil Mi-8 Hip Soviet Union transport/attack helicopter Mi-8T
Mi-8TKV20
206
7Mil Mi-17 Hip-H Russia transport/attack helicopter Mi-17 16 8 Mil Mi-24 Hind Soviet Union attack Mi-24D 20 17 Antonov An-24 Coke Soviet Union / Ukraine cargo An-24 20 4 Antonov An-26 Curl Soviet Union cargo An-26 17 3 Yakovlev Yak-40 Codling Soviet Union VIP Yak-40 8 3 Ilyushin Il-62 Soviet Union VIP Il-62 1 1 Ilyushin Il-96 Russia VIP Il-96 3 3 Aero L-39 Albatros Czechoslovakia trainer/attack L-39C 30 8 Zlin Z-326 Czechoslovakia trainer Z-326T 60 20 In 1998, according to a CIA report, the navy had no functioning submarines, around 12 surface vessels that were combat ready, a 'weak' anti-surface warfare capability, primarily SS-N-2 Styx SSM equipped fast attack boats, and an 'extremely weak' anti-submarine warfare capability.
By 2007 the Navy was assessed as being 3,000 strong (including up to 550+ Navy Infantry) by the IISS with six Osa-II and one Pauk-class fast attack craft.
Almost all of the ships of the Navy have been decommissioned and the three Koni class frigates were either expended as targets or sunk to build reefs. Cuba has constructed rolling platforms with Soviet P-15 Termit missile batteries taken from its warships and placed them near beaches where hostile amphibious assaults may occur. Most patrol boats are non-operational due to lack of fuel and spares.
The Navy also includes a small marine battalion called the Desembarco de Granma. It once numbered 550 men though its present size is not known.
There are reports of new naval projects under the Raúl Castro government, including the building of a class of 4 enlarged Sang-O submarines with the help of North Koreans, with reports that at least one unit having been built. There is also a single picture of a small black native submarine in Havana harbour, it is rumored to be called Delfin and to be armed with two torpedoes.
The Cuban Navy are also rebuilding one, maybe two large ex-Spanish fishing boats. One, the Rio Damuji n° 390, has been seen with guns and Stynx missiles on the deck. These vessels are larger than the Koni class, and it is rumored that they can be used in the amphibious role or as frigates.
List of active bases:
- Cabañas (HQ Western Command) – San Julián Air Base, Cuba (MUSJ)
- 23rd Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23ML)
- Primary Training (Antonov An-2)
- 1650 Combat Training (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21UM)
- Combat Training Squadron (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21PFMA and Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21MF)
- Rwy 01/19 2041 m (6695 ft)
- Rwy 08/26 2584 m (8479 ft)
- Holguín (HQ Eastern Command) – Frank País Airport (MUHG)
- 1724 Interceptor Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23BN bomber)
- 3710 Interceptor Squadron and Training
- 34th Tactical Regiment
- Havana – Playa Baracoa Airport (MUPB)
- 3405th Executive Squadron
- 3404 Transport Squadron
- 3688 Transport Regiment
- Havana – José Martí Airport (MUHA)
- 25th Transport Regiment (Ilyushin Il-76 and Antonov An-32)
- Rwy 06/24, Size: 4001 m (13125 ft)
- La Coloma Airport (MULM)
- 1660 Training Squadron (Aero L-39 AlbatrosC)
Inactive
- Mariel – Mariel Airfield (MUML) – now container terminal
- former anti-submarine helicopter squadron (Ka-32 and Mil Mi-14PL)
- Campo de Columbia – renamed Campo Libertad in 1961 (MULB)
- 26th Transport Regiment (Mil Mi-2 and Mil Mi-8)
- Training Squadron (Aero L-39 AlbatrosC and Z-326T)
- 6775 ft runway
- Campo Teniente Brihuega
- Playa Baracoa – Playa Baracoa Airfield (MUPB)
- 22nd Regiment
- Nicaro Airport (MUNC)
- abandoned airfield (single 4314 ft runway)
- Punta Movida
- Soviet built base
- Cienfuegos Airport (Jaime González Air Station) (MUCF)
- single 2/20 runway (4954 ft)
- 15th Transport Regiment (Antonov An-2 and Antonov An-26)
- 16th Helicopter Regiment (Mil Mi-8, Mil Mi-14, Mil Mi-17)
- Güines
- 24 Tactical Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23BN)
- Santiago de Cuba – Antonio Maceo Airport (MUCU)
- 35th Transport Regiment (Antonov An-2 and Antonov An-26)
- 36 Helicopter Regiment (Mil Mi-8 and Mil Mi-24)
- Rwy 09/27 4000 m (13123 ft)
- Rwy 18/36 1296 m (4252 ft)
- San Antonio de los Baños Airport (MUSA)
- 21st Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21B)
- 1724 Regiment
- 3 Runways
- Rwy 01/19 2400 m (7873 ft)
- Rwy 05/23 3596 m (11799 ft)
- Rwy 12/30 2482 m (8144 ft)
- Santa Clara – Abel Santa María Airport (MUSC)
- 14th Tactical Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23BN) bomber
- Rwy 08/26 3017 m (9898 ft)
- Santa Cruz
- 11 Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21B)
- Sancti Spíritus – Sancti Spiritus Airport (MUSS)
- 12th Regiment (Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21MF)
- Rwy 03/21 1801 m (5908 ft)
- Camagüey – Ignacio Agramonte Airport (MUCM)
- 31st Regiment - Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21MF fighters
- Rwy 07/25 3000 m (9842 ft)
Fleet
Future
- 1 to 4 improved Sang-O class, North Korean-Cuban submarine
- 1 to 6 Delfin class, Cuban submarine
Current
- 2 Cuba Rio Damuji class Frigates, 1 x 57mm gun, 2 Styx surface to surface missiles, 1 x 12.7mm machine gun, 2 x 25mm machine guns.
- 1 Soviet Union Pauk II Fast Patrol Craft, Coastal with 1 x 76 mm gun, 4 Anti-Submarine Torpedo Tube, 2 Anti-Submarine Weapon Rocket Launcher - 495 tons full load - commissioned 1990
- 6 Soviet Union Former Soviet Union (FSU) Osa II PFM missile boats; 13 Type II transferred
- 3 Soviet Union ex-Soviet Union (FSU) Sonya Mine Sweeper Coastal; 4 transferred
- 5 Soviet Union Former Soviet Union (FSU) Yevgenya Mine Sweeper Inshore; 11 transferred
- 1 Intelligence Collection Vessel
- 2 amphibious assault battalion
- 122 mm artillery
- Soviet Union M-1931/3 artillery
- Soviet Union 130 mm: M-46 artillery
- Soviet Union 152 mm: M-1937 artillery
- 10 Soviet Union SSC-3 surface to surface missile systems, 12 more are movil (reported)
The border guards have: 2 Stenka patrol boats and 30/48 Zhuk patrol craft. Cuba makes Zhuk patrol crafts and some are seen with an SPG-9 mounted on front of the twin 30mm guns.
Historic
- 1 Soviet Union Soviet Foxtrot class submarine with 533 mm and 406 mm Torpedo Tube (non-operational); 3 transferred
- 2 Soviet Union Soviet Koni corvettes with 2 Anti-Submarine Weapon Rocket Launcher (non-operational); 3 transferred
- 4 Soviet Union Soviet Osa I/II missile boats with 4 SS-N-2 Styx Surface-to-Surface Missile+
- 1 Soviet Union Soviet Pauk II Fast Patrol Craft, Coastal with 2 Anti-Submarine Weapon Rocket Launcher, 4 Anti-Submarine Torpedo Tube
- 1 Soviet Union Soviet Polnocny LSM (medium landing ship), capacity 180 tps, 6tk (non-operational)
See also
- Cuban military ranks
References
- ^ "The Cuban military and transition dynamics". http://ctp.iccas.miami.edu/Research_Studies/BLatell.pdf.
- ^ "Challenges to a Post-Castro Cuba". Harvard International Review. http://ctp.iccas.miami.edu/website_documents/Challenges.pdf.
- ^ a b Carl Gershman and Orlando Gutierrez. "Can Cuba Change?". Journal of Democracy January 2009, Volume 20, Number 1. http://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/gratis/Gutierrez.pdf.
- ^ Claudia Zilla. "The Outlook for Cuba and What International Actors Should Avoid". http://www.icdcprague.org/download/speeches/Maria_Werlau_ENG.pdf.
- ^ John Williams, Cuba: Havana's Military Machine, The Atlantic, August 1988
- ^ a b IISS Military Balance 2007, p.70
- ^ Bryan Bender, 'DIA expresses cconcern over Cuban intelligence activity,' Jane's Defence Weekly, 13 May 1998, p.7
- ^ Bryan Bender, 'DIA expresses concern over Cuban intelligence activity', Jane's Defence Weekly, 13 May 1998, p.7
- ^ "
- ^ http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/pdf/CS_Cuba.pdf
- ^ http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/pdf/CS_Cuba.pdf
- ^ http://web.archive.org/web/20080112102807/cubapolidata.com/cafr/cafr_military_regions.html
- ^ a b http://topgun.rin.ru/cgi-bin/texts.pl?category=state&mode=show&unit=297&lng=eng
- ^ a b c d e "Cuban Tanks"
- ^ * Użycki, D., Begier, T., Sobala, S. Współczesne Gąsiennicowe Wozy Bojowe. Wydawnictwo Lampart. ISBN 1-892848-01-5
- ^ Cuban Armed Forces Review: Air Force
- ^ Jane's Defence Weekly, 13 May 1998
- ^ http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&q=22+52%2728.40%22+N+82+30%2726.04%22+W&ll=22.874643,-82.506809&spn=0.004557,0.006899&t=h&z=17 Google Earth imagery of San Antonio de los Banos airfield
Further reading
- Piero Gleijeses: Kuba in Afrika 1975–1991. In: Bernd Greiner /Christian Th. Müller / Dierk Walter (Hrsg.): Heiße Kriege im Kalten Krieg. Hamburg, 2006, ISBN 3-936096-61-9, S. 469-510. (Review by H. Hoff, Review by I. Küpeli)
External links
- (Spanish) Official site of the Revolutionary Armed Forces
- Foro Militar General (Cuban military forum)
- (Spanish) Cuban Air Force
- (Spanish) Secretos de Generales on Granma site
- Cuban Armed Forces Review
- [1]
- Map showing AFBs in Cuba
Military MINFAR · Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces · Cuban Army · Cuban Navy · Cuban Air Force
Law enforcement Ministry of the Interior · National Revolutionary Police Force
Intelligence Armed conflicts involving Cuba External &
InternationalTen Years' War · Cuban War of Independence · Spanish–American War · World War II · 1952 Cuban Coup · Cuban Revolution · Congo Crisis · Bay of Pigs Invasion · Cuban Missile Crisis · Vietnam War · Bolivian Insurgency · Eritrean War of Independence · South African Border War · Yom Kippur War · Ethiopian Civil War · Angolan Civil War · Ogaden War · Sandinista Civil War · Salvadoran Civil War · Invasion of GrenadaRelated Articles Military of North America Sovereign states Antigua and Barbuda · Bahamas · Barbados · Belize · Canada · Costa Rica · Cuba · Dominica · Dominican Republic · El Salvador · Grenada · Guatemala · Haiti · Honduras · Jamaica · Mexico · Nicaragua · Panama · Saint Kitts and Nevis · Saint Lucia · Saint Vincent and the Grenadines · Trinidad and Tobago · United States
Dependencies and
other territoriesAnguilla · Aruba · Bermuda · Bonaire · British Virgin Islands · Cayman Islands · Curaçao · Greenland · Guadeloupe · Martinique · Montserrat · Navassa Island · Puerto Rico · Saint Barthélemy · Saint Martin · Saint Pierre and Miquelon · Saba · Sint Eustatius · Sint Maarten · Turks and Caicos Islands · United States Virgin Islands
Categories:- Military of Cuba
- Military history of Cuba
- Conscript militaries
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.