Case management (mental health)

This article is about the mental health approach. For other uses, see Case management.

Case management is the coordination of community services for mental health patients by allocating a professional to be responsible for the assessment of need and implementation of care plans. It is usually required for individuals who have a serious mental illness and need ongoing support in areas such as housing, employment, social relationships, and community participation. This level of support is also suitable for service users with a major psychotic disorder.

The underlying tasks of case management include:^[1][2]

• assessment of need
• care planning
• implementation
• regular review

The case management model developed in the USA^[3] in response to the closure of large psychiatric hospitals (known as deinstitutionalisation) and initially following a brokeage model, where professionals arranged for the provisions of services, without the need for direct patient care or contact. Clinical or therapeutic case management then developed as the need for the mental professional to establish a therapeutic relationship and be actively involved in clinical care was recognised.^[4][5] A more intensive form of case management (assertive community treatment or Intensive Case Management) was also developed for patients with more severe illness who needed a more assertive approach.^[6].

See also

• Medical case management
• Clinical pathway
• Care programme approach
• Assertive community treatment
• Care in the community

References

1. ^ Onyett, Steve (1998). Case management in mental health. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes. ISBN 0-7487-3845-2. 
2. ^ "CPA association". http://www.cpaa.co.uk/thecareprogrammeapproach. Retrieved 2009-07-02. 
3. ^ Intagliata J (1982). "Improving the quality of community care for the chronically mentally disabled: the role of case management". Schizophr Bull 8 (4): 655–74. PMID 7178854. 
4. ^ Holloway F (1991). "Case management for the mentally ill: looking at the evidence". Int J Soc Psychiatry 37 (1): 2–13. doi:10.1177/002076409103700102. PMID 2045238. 
5. ^ Kanter J (April 1989). "Clinical case management: definition, principles, components". Hosp Community Psychiatry 40 (4): 361–8. PMID 2714749. 
6. ^ Stein LI, Test MA (April 1980). "Alternative to mental hospital treatment. I. Conceptual model, treatment program, and clinical evaluation". Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 37 (4): 392–7. PMID 7362425. 

Further reading

• Smith L, Newton R (January 2007). "Systematic review of case management". Aust N Z J Psychiatry 41 (1): 2–9. doi:10.1080/00048670601039831. PMID 17464675. 
• Hangan C (September 2006). "Introduction of an intensive case management style of delivery for a new mental health service". Int J Ment Health Nurs 15 (3): 157–62. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0349.2006.00397.x. PMID 16916408. 
• Burns T, Fioritti A, Holloway F, Malm U, Rössler W (May 2001). "Case management and assertive community treatment in Europe". Psychiatr Serv 52 (5): 631–6. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.52.5.631. PMID 11331797. http://ps.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11331797. 
• Marshall M, Gray A, Lockwood A, Green R (2000). Marshall, Max. ed. "Case management for people with severe mental disorders". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2): CD000050. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000050. PMID 10796288. 
• Mueser KT, Bond GR, Drake RE, Resnick SG (1998). "Models of community care for severe mental illness: a review of research on case management". Schizophr Bull 24 (1): 37–74. PMID 9502546. http://schizophreniabulletin.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9502546. 
• Ziguras SJ, Stuart GW (November 2000). "A meta-analysis of the effectiveness of mental health case management over 20 years". Psychiatr Serv 51 (11): 1410–21. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.51.11.1410. PMID 11058189. http://psychservices.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/abstract/51/11/1410. 
• FICTION Aaron Sommers, University of New Hampshire. "Case Managing".[1]