Clarendon Tower

Clarendon Tower
Clarendon Tower with the retained façade of Clarendon Hotel
Former names	Clarendon Hotel
General information
Type	office high rise
Location	Worcester Street at Oxford Terrace, Christchurch Central City, New Zealand
Address	78 Worcester Street, Christchurch
Completed	1987
Technical details
Floor count	17 storeys
Design and construction
Architect	Warren and Mahoney
New Zealand Historic Places Trust - Category II
Official name: Clarendon Hotel Facade
Designated:	24-Jun-2005
Reference #:	1858

Clarendon Tower is a high rise building on Worcester Street at Oxford Terrace^[1] in the Christchurch Central City. Built on the site of the former Clarendon Hotel, the façade of the historic building was kept in the redevelopment and is protected by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust as a Category II heritage structure. Following damage from the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake, the 17 storey building is to be demolished.

History

Clarendon Hotel

The original Clarendon Hotel in 1902 prior to its demolition

The first Clarendon, an early wooden hotel, was established in a former private house.^[2] It was located at 78 Worcester Street, on the corner of Oxford Terrace. The first occupier of the site was William Guise Brittan in 1851, the land agent for the Canterbury Association. He operated the Christchurch land office, located diagonally opposite the intersection on the site that is these days occupied by Our City, a former home of the Christchurch City Council. Brittan sold his building in 1859 to Irish migrant Rowland Davis, who obtained a liquor licence and enlarged the house. Thus, the history of the site as a public house began.^[3]

A subsequent owner, George Oram, changed the name of the hotel to Clarendon in 1866, after the then British foreign secretary, the Earl of Clarendon. The quality of the hotel was recognised in 1869 when the Duke of Edinburgh stayed there and bestowed Oram the title of 'Hotel Keeper by Appointment to His Royal Highness Prince Alfred the Duke of Edinburgh'.^[3]

Clarendon Hotel was often used for drowning inquests. Located on on the Avon River, many of the reasonably frequent drowning cases were heard at the hotel. It was also used as a departure point for Cobb and Co coaches to the West Coast.^[3]

Clarendon Hotel soon after its construction in 1903

The much extended building was demolished and in 1902/03, a new hotel was erected for the Crown Brewery Company. Joseph Clarkson Maddison was the architect and he designed the three storey building in Renaissance Revival style.^[3] Maddison was a notable architect in Christchurch at the time and designed 14 hotels over a period of 28 years (including Warner's^[4] and Carlton Hotels^[5]), the Old Government Building^[6] and the buildings for the New Zealand International Exhibition in 1906 in Hagley Park.^[7] The construction work was carried out by J. Otley.^[8]

Some notable people stayed in the hotel, including the Duke of Edinburgh (1869), Lee Kuan Yew (the 1st Prime Minister of Singapore), King George VI (1948), Queen Elizabeth II (1954) and the Queen Mother (1958). The biggest crowd was drawn when The Beatles stayed here during their 1964 tour.^[3]

Demolition of the hotel was first proposed in 1981, causing considerable controversy in Christchurch. Eventually, the Christchurch City Council suggested that the façade be retained with the redevelopment as an office high rise building. The hotel was demolished in 1986, with 2/3 of the Oxford Terrace and all of the Worcester Street façade being kept.^[3]

Clarendon Towers

Clarendon Tower at daybreak (2007)

The 17 storey Clarendon Towers, designed by Warren and Mahoney,^[9] was constructed in 1986/87. It was the first example of facadism in Christchurch. Local artist Bill Sutton described the new creation as "a boy with his trousers around his ankles", a comment which many agreed with, whilst others were grateful for the retention of the historic façade.^[3]

Following damage from the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake, the Canterbury Earthquake Recovery Authority has ordered the demolition of the high rise.^[10] Two demolition options have been put forward by the building owners, including an option using explosives.^[11]

Heritage listing

On 24 June 2005, the historic façade was registered by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust as a Category II historic place, with the registration number 1858. It marks the site where one of the pioneering Christchurch settlers, Brittan, had his first home. It was one of the early hotels, established in 1859 and it became one of the most notable hotels in Christchurch, accommodating notable guests. It is an example of one of the many important buildings designed by Maddison and it part of the heritage fabric of the area, with other notable buildings like the Public Trust Office Building and the second civic offices in Oxford Terrace, and the Avon Theatre and the Regent Theatre in Worcester Street.^[3] The Scott Statue is on reserve opposite the Clarendon Tower.^[12]

References

1. ^ Rewi, Adrienne (15 February 2010). Frommer's New Zealand. Frommer's. pp. 371–. ISBN 9780470497333. http://books.google.com/books?id=wHAeU2eTr3wC&pg=PA371. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
2. ^ "Christchurch City Contextual History Overview - THEME IV: INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE". June 2005. pp. 28. http://resources.ccc.govt.nz/files/ChristchurchCityContextualHistoryOverviewThemeIV-docs.pdf. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "Clarendon Hotel". Register of Historic Places. New Zealand Historic Places Trust. http://www.historic.org.nz/TheRegister/RegisterSearch/RegisterResults.aspx?RID=1858&m=advanced. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
4. ^ "Warner's Hotel". Register of Historic Places. New Zealand Historic Places Trust. http://www.historic.org.nz/TheRegister/RegisterSearch/RegisterResults.aspx?RID=7384&m=advanced. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
5. ^ "Carlton Hotel". Register of Historic Places. New Zealand Historic Places Trust. http://www.historic.org.nz/TheRegister/RegisterSearch/RegisterResults.aspx?RID=1841&m=advanced. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
6. ^ "Old Government Building". Register of Historic Places. New Zealand Historic Places Trust. http://www.historic.org.nz/TheRegister/RegisterSearch/RegisterResults.aspx?RID=301&m=advanced. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
7. ^ "Main Building". Christchurch City Libraries. http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Heritage/Exhibitions/1906/Buildings/MainBuilding/. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
8. ^ "The Clarendon Hotel, Christchurch". Christchurch City Libraries. http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Heritage/Photos/Disc7/IMG0055.asp. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
9. ^ "Warren and Mahoney". Christchurch City Libraries. http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/Art/Architecture/Architects/WarrenAndMahoney/. Retrieved 18 June 2011. 
10. ^ "Clarendon must go". The Press. 13 June 2011. http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/news/christchurch-earthquake-2011/5136491/Clarendon-must-go. Retrieved 14 June 2011. 
11. ^ Heather, Ben (13 July 2011). "Two demolition plans considered". The Press. http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/news/christchurch-earthquake-2011/5275510/Two-demolition-plans-considered. Retrieved 13 July 2011. 
12. ^ "Captain Scott Memorial". Register of Historic Places. New Zealand Historic Places Trust. http://www.historic.org.nz/TheRegister/RegisterSearch/RegisterResults.aspx?RID=1840&m=advanced. Retrieved 14 June 2011.