Charles Francis Massey Swynnerton

Charles Francis Massey Swynnerton CMG (3 December 1877 Lowestoft Suffolk - 8 June 1938 Mjari, Tanzania), was an English-born naturalist noted for his contributions to tsetse fly research.

His father was a senior chaplain in the Indian Army, and his mother the daughter of Major W. H. Massy, of Grantstown Hall, Tipperary. Swynnerton spent his early years in India, returning to England to start his schooling at Lancing College in Sussex. In 1897 he was accepted at Oxford University, but emigrated to Africa instead.

In Natal he met the renowned entomologist and authority on Curculionidae, Guy Anstruther Knox Marshall (1871-1959), who owned some farms in Southern Rhodesia and persuaded Swynnerton to manage one of these in the Melsetter district. In 1900 he became manager of Gungunyana Farm close to the Chirinda Forest in the Chipinga District - this farm was also bought by Guy Marshall in 1902. For the following 19 years Swynnerton used the farm as a base and worked on comprehensive collections of plants, birds and insects, the plants being written up later in 1911 in J. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) 40:1-245 as Flora of Gazaland. The British Museum was a regular recipient of his plant and insect specimens which were lauded for displaying "a precision in localisation and notes on economic uses which made this collection a model one". He was elected a Fellow of the Linnaean Society in 1907. From the farm he made a number of collecting trips to the nearby Chimanimani Mountains. During this period Guy Marshall became chief editor of the Bulletin of Entomological Research and remained a close friend and mentor to Swynnerton. ^[1]

The Rhodesian government appointed him in 1918 to research the tsetse fly problem, later that year extending his brief to also cover Moçambique. In 1919 he was appointed as the first game warden of Tanganyika, again with a brief to investigate the tsetse situation, and becoming Director of Tsetse Research at Shinyanga ten years later.

In 1937 he was awarded the CMG and died in a de Havilland Leopard Moth plane crash the following year on his way to receiving the award. His obituary in Nature was penned by Sir Guy Marshall. Swynnerton is commemorated by the genus Swynnertonia (Swynnerton's Robin) and in some 40 specific plant names, as well as bird and insect names^[2].

Works

• 1911 Flora of Gazaland - Linnaean Society
• 1936 The Tsetse Flies of East Africa - C.F.M. Swynnerton ^[3]
• Vernacular Names of East African Mammals - edited by C.F.M. Swynnerton, Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 84, p. 547-552 ^[4]

The standard author abbreviation Swynn. is used to indicate this individual as the author when citing a botanical name.^[5]

References

1. ^ Flora of Zimbabwe
2. ^ Brummitt, R. K.; C. E. Powell (1992). Authors of Plant Names. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-085-4. 
3. ^ Sutton Books
4. ^ Electronic Bibliography for African Languages and Linguistics
5. ^ "Author Query". International Plant Names Index. http://www.ipni.org/ipni/authorsearchpage.do. 

Persondata
Name	Swynnerton, Charles Francis Massey
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	3 December 1877
Place of birth
Date of death	8 June 1938
Place of death