The Plastic People of the Universe

Infobox musical artist
Name = The Plastic People of the Universe


Img_capt =
Img_size =
Background = group_or_band
Origin = flagicon|Czech Republic Prague, Czechoslovakia
Genre = Rock
Experimental rock
Prague underground
Years_active = 1968–1988
1997-present
Label = Globus
Guerilla
Associated_acts = Půlnoc
Fiction
DG 307
Velvet Underground Revival
Garage
URL = [http://www.kandl.cz/plasticpeople/ Plastic People]
Current_members = Vratislav Brabenec clarinet, saxophone, vocals
Josef Janíček keyboard, vocals
Jiří Kabeš violin, vocals
Eva Turnová bass guitar, vocals
Joe Karafiát guitar, vocals
Ivan Bierhanzl contrabass
Ludvík Kandl drums, vocals
Past_members = Mejla Milan Hlavsa bass guitar, vocals (deceased)
Paul Wilson vocals
Jan Brabec drums

The Plastic People of the Universe (PPU) is a rock band from Prague, Czech Republic. It was the foremost representative of Prague's underground culture (1968-1989). This avant-garde group went against the grain of the Communist regime and due to its non-conformism often suffered serious problems such as arrests.

History

From January into August 1968, under the rule of Communist Party leader Alexander Dubček, Czechoslovakians experienced the Prague Spring. In August, Soviet and other Warsaw Pact troops invaded Czechoslovakia. This led to the overthrow of Dubček and to, in what came to be known as the normalization process. Less than a month after the invasion, Plastic People of the Universe was formed.Cite web|url= http://www.furious.com/perfect/pulnoc.html|title= The Plastic People of the Universe|accessdate= 2007-02-26|last= Yanosik|first= Joseph|date= March 1996|publisher= Perfect Sound Forever]

Bassist Milan Hlavsa formed the band which was heavily influenced by Frank Zappa ("Plastic People" being a song by Zappa and the Mothers of Invention) and the Velvet Underground in 1968. Czech art historian and cultural critic Ivan Jirous became their manager/artistic director in the following year, fulfilling a similar role the one Andy Warhol had with the the Velvet Underground. Jirous introduced Hlavsa to guitarist Josef Janicek, and viola player Jiri Kabes. The consolidated Czech communist government revoked the band's musicians license in 1970.cite web |url= http://www.richieunterberger.com/ppu.html|title= The Plastic People of the Universe|accessdate= 2007-02-26|last= Unterberger|first= Richie]

Because Ivan Jirous believed that English was the lingua franca of rock music, he employed Paul Wilson, a Canadian who had been teaching in Prague, to teach the band the lyrics of the American songs they covered and to translate their original Czech lyrics into English. Wilson served as lead singer for the Plastics from 1970 to 1972, and during this time, the band's repertoire drew heavily on songs by the Velvet Underground and the Fugs. The only two songs sung in Czech in this period were "Na sosnové větvi" and "Růže a mrtví", lyrics of both being written by Czech poet Jiří Kolář. Wilson encouraged them to sing in Czech. After he left saxophonist Vratislav Brabenec joined the band and they began to draw upon Egon Bondy whose work had been banned by the government. In the following 3 years Bondy's lyrics nearly completely dominated the PPU music. In December 1974 the band recorded their first "studio" album, Egon Bondy's Happy Hearts Club Banned (the title being a play on The Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band), which was released in France in 1978.

In 1974, thousands of students traveled from Prague to the town of České Budějovice to visit "the Plastics" performance. Stopped by police, they were sent back to Prague, and several students were arrested. The band was forced underground until the Velvet Revolution in 1989. Unable to perform openly, an entire underground cultural movement formed around the band during the 1970s.

In 1976 "the Plastics" and other people from underground were arrested and put on trial (after performing at the Third festival of the second culture) by the Communist government to make an example. They were convicted of "organized disturbance of the peace" and sentenced to terms in prison ranging from 8 to 18 months. Paul Wilson was deported even though he had left the band in 1972. It was in protest of these arrests and prosecution that led playwright Václav Havel and others to write the Charter 77.

In 1978 the PPU recorded Pašijové hry velikonoční (released in Canada as "The Passion Play" at Paul Wilson's company Boží mlýn). The lyrics were written earlier by Vratislav Brabenec. In 1979 followed Jak bude po smrti, being influenced by a Czech writer from the first half of the 20th century, Ladislav Klíma. In 1980 they rehearsed and performed a new record, recorded one year later, Co znamená vésti koně (released in Canada as "Leading Horses"). In 1982 Vratislav Brabenec was forced by the police to leave and emigrate to Austria. After he left, the band recorded it's next record Hovězí porážka (1983) and Půlnoční myš (1986, Midnight Mouse).

Despite their clashes with the government, the musicians never considered themselves activists and always claimed that they wanted only to play their music. The band broke up in 1988, with some members forming the group Půlnoc (meaning "midnight" in Czech). At President Havel's suggestion, they reunited in 1997 in honor of the 20th anniversary of Charter 77, and have performed regularly since then.

Milan Hlavsa died in 2001.

Paul Wilson later went on to become one of the major translators into English of Václav Havel's work. Currently he is working on a new translation of [http://www.untitledtheater.com/havel/plays/the-memorandum.html The Memorandum] for the Havel Festival, which also features two other of his translations.

Interest in the band was rekindled in 2006 thanks to a new play, "Rock 'n' Roll" by Tom Stoppard, in which two of their recordings are featured. The play's characters also discuss at length the music of the Plastics and its effects on Czech society. The Plastics performed in London for the first time in January 2007 with new member Eva Turnová on bass.

Personnel

*Milan "Mejla" Hlavsa (bass player, main music composer)
*Jiří Kabeš (electric violin)
*Vratislav Brabenec (saxophone, added many of later lyrics)
*Jiří Števich (guitar)
*Josef Janíček(keyboard)
*Paul Wilson (vocalist, guitar)
*Jan Brabec (drums)The PPU were otherwise joined by many musicians of lesser impact on the band's sound, there were more than 30 members to join and quit.Else:
*Ivan Martin Jirous (Magor) (manager)
*Egon Bondy (poet - some of his poems were used in lyrics)
*Ladislav Klíma (writer - some of his texts were used in lyrics)

Discography

#"Muž bez uší" (live recordings 1969-72)
#"Vožralej jak slíva" (live recordings 1973-75)
#"Egon Bondy's Happy Hearts Club Banned" (1974)
#"Ach to státu hanobení" (live recordings 1976-77)
#"Pašijové hry velikonoční" (1978)
#"Jak bude po smrti" (1979)
#"Co znamená vésti koně" (1981)
#"Kolejnice duní" (1977-82)
#"Hovězí porážka" (1983-84)
#"Půlnoční myš" (1985-86)
#"Bez ohňů je underground" (1992-93)
#"The Plastic People of the Universe" (1997)
#"For Kosovo" (1997)
#"10 let Globusu aneb underground v kostce" (2000)
#"Milan Hlavsa - Než je dnes člověku 50 - poslední dekáda" (2001)
#"Líně s tebou spím - Lazy Love/ In Memoriam Mejla Hlavsa" (2001)
#"Pašijové hry/ Passion Play (with Agon Orchestra)" (2004)
#"Do lesíčka na čekanou" (2007)

References

External links

* [http://www.kandl.cz/plasticpeople/default.aspx Plastic People official site]
*allmusicguide|id=11:46jvea104xu7~T1
* [http://www.prague-life.com/prague/plastic-people Article from Prague Life]
* [http://www.radio.cz/en/article/67064 Interview with Paul Wilson]
* [http://www.expressnightout.com/content/2008/10/bohemians_rhapsody_plastic_people_of_the.php Interview/profile from the Washington Post's Express]