Hexatic phase

Hexatic phase

The hexatic phase is a phase that is between the solid and the isotropic liquid phases. It is characterized by two order parameter: a short-range positional and a quasi-long-range orientational (sixfold) order.

The existence of the hexatic phase was proposed by John Michael Kosterlitz and David J. Thouless as well as Bertrand Halperin, Nelson und Young by theoretical studies about melting in two dimensions. They proposed two phase transitions by binding of topological defects (dislocation and declination).The first transition occurs when the solid (quasi-long-range positional order, long-range orientational order) undergoes a dislocation unbinding transition to the hexaticphase (short-range positional order, quasi-long-range orientational order). The second transition is the disclination unbinding transition which transforms the hexatic phase into an isotropic phase (short-range positional and orientationalorder).

"See also:" XY model

References

*J.M. Kosterlitz & D.J. Thouless: "Long Range Order and Metastability in Two–Dimensional Solids and Superfluids". J. Phys. C5, 124 (1972)
*J.M. Kosterlitz & D.J. Thouless: "Ordering Metastability, and Phase Transitions in Two–Dimensional Systems". J. Phys. C6, 1181 (1973)
*J.M. Kosterlitz: "The critical properties of the two-dimensional XY model". J . Phys. C7, 1046 (1974)
*B.I. Halperin & D.R. Nelson: "Theory of Two-Dimensional Melting". Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 121 - 124 (1978)
*D.R. Nelson & B.I. Halperin: "Dislocation-mediated melting in two dimensions". Phys. Rev. B 19, 2457 - 2484 (1979)
*D.R. Nelson & J.M. Kosterlitz: "Universal Jump in the Superfluid Density of Two-Dimensional Superfluids". Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 1201 - 1205 (1977)
*A.P. Young: "Melting and the vector Coulomb gas in two dimensions". Phys. Rev. B 19, 1855 - 1866 (1979)


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