Battle of Shanghai (1861)

Infobox Military Conflict
conflict= Battle of Shanghai (1861)
partof=
date=July 1861–November 1862


caption=
place= Shanghai western, southern and Pudong
territory= Southerneast China
result= Qing Dynasty victory,
changes= Qing defended Shanghai and defeated Taiping successfully;
combatant1=flagicon|Qing DynastyQing Dynasty flag|United Kingdom flagicon|FranceFrench Empire
combatant2= Taiping
commander1= Governor of Jiangsu Li Hongzhang Lieutenant General Cheng Xuechi Lieutenant General Huang Esen(綠營 黃翼昇) Major generalPan Dingxin(潘鼎新) Major general Guo Songlin(郭松林) Brigadier Liu Mingchuan flagicon|United KingdomJames Hope
flagicon|FranceAuguste Léopold Protet Frederick Townsend Ward
American Edward Forrester
commander2= Li Xiucheng Colonel General Tan SauGuan(譚紹光) Lieutenant General Li Ronfar(李容髮, 16 years boy) Lieutenant General G Qingyun(吉慶元) Lieutenant GeneralChen Kunshu Major general Chen Binwen(陳炳文) Brigadier Gau Yonkwan(郜永寬)
strength1=20,000 Green Standard Army 40,000 Why Army 3,000 Ever Victorious Army 4,000flagicon|France 3,000 flagicon|United Kingdom
strength2= 120,000 Taipings (Former 200,000, but 80,000 came back and aid Nanjing on fighting)
casualties1=10,000 deaths; French admiral Protet death, arrested Edward Forrester

Admiral James Hope wounded

Cheng Xuechi‘s chest wounded
casualties2=25,000 deaths; Li Xiucheng leg wounded by cannon. Chen Binwen, Gau Yonkwan both wounded by shoot The Battle of Shanghai (June 1861–July 1862) was a major engagement of the Taiping Rebellion. It was the second battle to take place in Shanghai during this war and the first to occur after 1860. In this battle, British and French troops in China used modern cannon artillery on a large scale for the first time. Cannon fire inflicted heavy casualties on the Taiping forces, and Taiping commander Li Xiucheng‘s left leg was wounded by a shot fired from a cannon.

Prelude

Commanding over 600,000 Taiping troops, Li Xiucheng was in control of Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces by early 1861. He aimed to capture the large but isolated city of Shanghai, one of the most important cities under the Qing government, also home to an international port.

Before battle, Li Xiucheng asked UK, France maintain neutral, and UK, France‘s ambassadors promised Li.

Pudong:Holy first combat!

Taiping‘s Lieutenant GeneralLi Ronfar led 20,000 marine corps by thousand boats landed Pudong.

Outcome

The Taiping forces launched four offensives against the defenders. On the fourth offensive, Hong Xiuquan ordered the offensive to be halted and the forces to withdraw, thus ending the battle with the combined forces of the Qing government, British and French being victorious.

ources

*Teng Yuan-chung. "Americans and The Taiping Rebellion".1988 ISBN：6695386307
*Tiān Guó Zwi(天國志)