Bernese German phonology

Bernese German phonology

Bernese German phonology describes the phonology of Bernese German, the dialect spoken in the Swiss plateau (Mittelland) portion of the canton of Bern.

Vowels

Monophthongs

Vocalization of /l/

Long IPA|/lː/ is pronounced IPA| [wː] , for instance IPA|/ˈb̥alːə/ → IPA| [ˈb̥awːə] 'ball'; IPA|/l/ at the end of a syllable IPA| [w] , for instance IPA|/ˈɣ̊alt/ → IPA| [ɣ̊awt] 'cold'.

This feature is absent in the old upper-class dialect of the patricians.

Velarization of /nd̥/

/nd̥/ is pronounced as IPA| [ŋː] , for instance IPA|/hʊ̝nd̥/ → IPA| [hʊ̝ŋː] 'dog'.

This feature is absent in the old upper-class dialect of the patricians.

In the southwestern dialects of the Schwarzenburg area, it is pronounced IPA| [nː] .

Reduction of IPA|/ŋk͡x/

In the western and southern dialects (not in the city of Bern), IPA|/ŋk͡x/ is pronounced IPA| [jɣ̊] , for instance IPA|/ˈd̥æŋk͡xə/ → IPA| [ˈd̥æjɣ̊ə] 'to think'.

tress

In native word, the word stem is stressed, except verbs with a separable prefix where that prefix is stressed.

In loan words, there is – in comparison to standard German – a preference of initial stress, for instance Bernese German IPA|/ˈkaz̥inɔ̝/ 'casino' vs. standard German IPA|/kʰaˈziːno/.

Literature

*Werner Marti (1985): Berndeusch-Grammatik, Bern: Francke. ISBN 3-7720-1587-5


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