Ksawery Wyrożemski

Ksawery "Big Bill" Wyrożemski ("Tso-very Veera-zhem-ski") was an exile Polish fighter pilot who flew Hawker Hurricanes and Supermarine Spitfires as a Flight Officer with the Polish Air Forces's 308 and 315 "City of Deblin" Fighter Squadrons from April 1942 until the end of World War II. One of the aircraft he piloted in 1942 was Spitfire Mk. Vb, BM597, now flying with the Historic Aircraft Collection at Duxford. The 315th converted to North American P-51 Mustang Mk. IIIs in March 1944. He scored no kills but was awarded the Polish Cross of Valour plus bar.

Escape to exile

A Polish Army officer when the Germans invaded, Wyrozemski recognized that defeat was imminent and, determined not to be placed in a prisoner-of-war camp, he made his way to Istanbul where he signed onto a freighter bound for England and reported to the Polish Embassy in London. Richard L. Holm, former CIA Directorate of Operations member, stated in an article about his African experiences that Wyrozemski was "fiercely loyal to Poland, [and] he wanted to fight against the Germans. Bill claimed he had been a pilot in the Polish Air Force. (He apparently had flown a small plane in younger days.) He joined other Poles and flew a Spitfire in the Battle of Britain." ["Holm, Richard L., "A Plane Crash, Rescue, and Recovery - A Close Call in Africa", Center for the Study of Intelligence, Historical Perspectives, Washington, D.C., Winter 1999-2000, footnote 2. https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter99-00/art2.html] Wyrozemski had been posted to 217 Eskadra Bombowa as an observer before he fled the German advance. http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/217_Eskadra_Bombowa

Last mission of WW II

On 25 April 1945, Wyrozemski participated in the longest (five hours, fifty minutes) and last mission flown in World War II by the Polish Air Force. He flew in an eleven aircraft flight, part of some 240 Mustangs from RAF 11 Group and the USAAF VIII Fighter Command which escorted 225 Avro Lancaster bombers on a Ramrod mission to hit Nazi headquarters in the Bavarian Alps. Some pilots landed in liberated territory on the European continent to refuel on the return leg of the mission while others calculated their loads sufficient to reach their bases in England. Wyrozemski fell one kilometer short of Andrews Airfield and dead-sticked his Mustang into a pasture where several horses slowed his fighter sufficiently such that he was not injured. The livestock were not so fortunate. Fellow squadron mate, Flight Officer Tadeusz Pinkowski, recounted "Seeing him approaching the airfield and then going down, we climbed [into] (sic) a jeep and sped toward him. We found him O.K. Those two horses were O.K. not! Leaving the scene we even joked a little; somebody pointed to the horse liver lying around and asked: 'Say, Ksawery. Didn't you forget something?' We all had a good laugh and that helped to release the tension." [Ratuszynski, Wilhelm, interview with Tadeusz Pinkowski, at [http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/9431 315 Polish Fighter Squadron website] .]

Coming to America

Wyrozemski and his wife, Emilia A., known as "Lila", (a Warsaw native who had survived a German concentration camp after arrest for partisan involvement), emigrated to the United States from the United Kingdom with their young son in 1959 and settled in Fort Walton Beach, Florida, home of Eglin Air Force Base and the Air Proving Grounds. Wyrozemski was employed by the Central Intelligence Agency where he was involved with the Lockheed U-2 program.

Last assignments

"After 18 years as a contract officer in Agency air operations, Bill's eyesight weakened and he could no longer fly. There was a need for air ops officers on the ground in the Congo, however, and soon he was in Africa," said Holm. In 1964 he served as an airfield commander and trained Cuban exile pilots, hired by the CIA. He also gathered intelligence material. Holm continues that "Big Bill" was transferred to Albertville on the Congo's eastern border [in 1965] . "Shortly after his arrival, he was concerned about a possible rebel force moving toward Albertville from the west, and Bill got approval from Leopoldville to make a short reconnaissance of the area. He had been instructed not to go alone, but no one else was readily available." ["Holm, Richard L., "A Plane Crash, Rescue, and Recovery - A Close Call in Africa", Center for the Study of Intelligence, Historical Perspectives, Washington, D.C., Winter 1999-2000, footnote 2. https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/winter99-00/art2.html] Returning to Albertville, he was killed when the Land Rover he was in was hit head-on by a Congolese Army truck speeding on the wrong side of a narrow road. He is buried in Fort Walton Beach. His artistic wife Lila died at home of natural causes on 7 March 1999 and is also interred in Fort Walton Beach.

References

A note on references

Since this article was originally compiled in July 2005, the CIA has twice moved the link for the Richard Holm article. In the process of moving the article, a final paragraph from footnote 2 detailing Wyrozemski's demise has been dropped and is apparently no longer available. The gist is recorded above.