Siberia (opera)

Opera in three acts by Umberto Giordano. Libretto by Luigi Illica. There is no direct source for the plot of Siberia and it is quite possible that this is an original work by Illica.

Performance history

Première: 19 December 1903, Teatro alla Scala, Milan, revised in 1927. The première was not successful, despite having an illustrious first-night cast (Puccini's Madama Butterfly had been cancelled and Siberia took the same vocal distribution so the singers were re-engaged for Giordano's opera), it received more praise in its opening in Genoa and then in Paris in May 1905. It was premièred in the USA, in New York City at the Manhattan Opera on 5 February 1908.

Roles

ynopsis

The opera is set in Russia during the first half of the 19th century.

Act I: "The Woman"

Saint Petersburg, August, during the Festival of Saint Alexander. Stephana is the mistress of Prince Alexis, living in an elegant Palace, who was once seduced by Gleby, a scoundrel, who sold her to the Prince and has been living off a pension granted to him by the Prince. Stephana loves Vassili a Lieutenant who corresponds her but assumes she is a simple working girl, because they always meet in desguise outside her house. When summoned to war he goes to meet Stephana and learns the truth behind her but is still smitten with her, the Prince enters and demands an explanation which develops into a duel during which Vassili kills the Prince with his sword, he is detained and sent to the police.

Act II: "The Lover"

The frontier between Russia and Siberia in winter. Several prisoners are making their way through the snow on foot to the mines where they are forced to work. Amongst them is Vassili worn almost out, he is despairing, a group of women and children are waiting along the road to bid farewell to the prisoners. Stephana arrives in a sleigh, she has left all to join her beloved in whatever fate awaits for him, she does not listen to his pleas to return, when ordered to, they both march into the vastness of Siberia.

Act III: "The Heroine"

A hut of convicts in the mines of Trans-Baikal. Eve of Russian Easter. Due to the upcoming festivities, the prisoners are allowed to organize a feast. Stephana, excited by this, devises a scheme with an old convict to escape with Vassili, but Gleby has arrived to the prison camp after finally being arrested in one of his many crimes. He recognizes Stephana and insults her in front of everybody, including Vassili, who tries to defend her but is stopped by the other inmates. The church bell rings and prayers start. During the night Vassili and Stephana execute their plan to escape, but Gleby gives the alarm, the troops persue the prisoners and a shot is heard, they bring Vassili back and carry Stephana, who was wounded, she bids farewell to Vassili and dies.

References

* [http://www.amadeusonline.net/almanacco.php?Start=0&Giorno=19&Mese=12&Anno=1903&Giornata=&Testo=&Parola=Stringa Amadeus Almanac, accessed 1 September 2008]
*Warrack, John and West, Ewan (1992), "The Oxford Dictionary of Opera", 782 pages, ISBN 0-19-869164-5