Casa dos Bicos

The Casa dos Bicos (Portuguese for "House of the Spikes") is a historical house in the city of Lisbon, in Portugal. The house, built in the early 16th century in the Alfama neighbourhood, has a curious façade of Renaissance and Manueline influence. It has survived the disastrous 1755 Lisbon Earthquake that destroyed much of the city.

The Casa dos Bicos was built around 1523 by Brás de Albuquerque (1501-1581), son of the first governor of Portuguese India, Afonso de Albuquerque. Brás de Albuquerque had spent some years in Italy, where he could get first hand contact with Italian Renaissance architecture. He presumably saw urban palaces like the "Palazzo dei Diamanti", in Ferrara, that have façades covered with diamond-shaped spikes. Upon his return to Portugal, Brás de Albuquerque built the Casa dos Bicos with a façade "dei diamanti", but incorporating Manueline (Portuguese late Gothic) windows and portals.

In 1755, the earthquake destroyed a great part of the building. The main façade was destroyed, and the two upper storeys of the façade facing the Bacalhoeiros street (the current main façade) came down. The house was kept in possession of the Albuquerque family until the 19th century, when it was acquired by a codfish trader. It was used for years as a storage house for codfish ("Bacalhau"). Around 1960 the house was acquired by the Lisbon Municipality.

In the 1980s the house was restored and partially rebuilt. The two upper storeys of the current main façade were rebuilt based on pre-1755 drawings and paintings, which showed a Renaissance loggia on the third floor and the Manueline-style windows. Archaeological excavations were carried out inside the house, revealing remnants of Roman and Moorish periods.

References

* [http://www.ippar.pt/pls/dippar/pat_pesq_detalhe?code_pass=70460 Casa dos Bicos in the Portuguese Institute for Architectonic Heritage]
* [http://www.monumentos.pt/ Instituto da Habitação e da Reabilitação Urbana]