Şevket Süreyya Aydemir

Sevket Surreya Aydemir (born 1897, Edirne - died March 25, 1976, Ankara) was a Turkish intellectual, and was one of the founders and a key theorist of Kadro, an influential policy journal published in Turkey from 1932-1934. He was educated and became familiar with Marxism at Moscow University where he studied economics, and worked as a teacher in Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Russia. He was a member of the Turkish Communist Party, and attended a Soviet-sponsored Congress for the Peoples of the East in Baku on the Turkish party's behalf. [http://www.ata.boun.edu.tr/chronology/kim_kimdir/sureyya_aydemir.htm]

Upon his return to Turkey from the U.S.S.R., he wrote for Aydinlik magazine. The magazine was shut down in 1925 for political reasons, and he was sentenced to 10 years in prison by the Ankara Independence Court for the views he had expounded in the magazine. He was released after a year and a half. He was tried again in 1927 but this time was acquitted.

Sobered by his prison experience, Aydemir mixed his Marxist-Leninist leanings with more acceptable nationalist Turkish ideology to create the basis for Kadro theory. Aydemir argued that Turkey - economically subjugated itself at independence - would lead a new world order where former colonies and economically subjugated states would rise up and overcome the hegemony of the industrialized world. [George Harris, the Communists and the Kadro Movement: Shaping Ideology in Atatürk's Turkey (Istanbul: Isis Press, 2002), 141.] This is where the Kadro (Cadre) would come in:

"The ideal [of a completely state orientated economy] can only be achieved under the guidance, as well as the administration of, the devoted, disciplined cadre, which is indifferent to class or individual interests. Such a cadre, which has discerned the principles of the reform and adapted them as moral values, and a reform generation, are needed for the sake of the success of the reform" [Mustafa Turkes, "The Ideology of the Kadro [Cadre] Movement: A Patriotic Leftist Movement in Turkey," Middle Eastern Studies 34, no. 4 (October, 1998), 106.]

Aydemir was a prolific writer. His most famous work was Inkialp ve Kadro (Revolution and the Cadre), published in 1932, where he outlined his theory of political economy presented in the Kadro journal. He published his memoirs, Suyu Arayan Adam (The Man Searching for Water) in 1959. Between 1963 and 1965, he published Tek Adam (The Single Man) a three volume tome on Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. He also published a biography of Ismet Inonu titled Ikinci Adam (The Second Man).

Aydemir's complete bibliography includes:

* Tek Adam (Mustafa Kemal'in Hayatı) Üç cilt (biyografi) * İkinci Adam (İsmet İnönü) Üç cilt (biyografi) * Makedonya'dan Ortaasya'ya Enver Paşa Üç cilt (biyografi) * Suyu Arayan Adam (otobiyografi) * Menderes'in dramı? (biyografi) * İnkılap ve Kadro (makale) * Lenin ve Leninizm (ortak kitap) * Cihan İktisiyadında Türkiye (inceleme-araştırma) * İktisad Mücadelesinde Köy Muallimi (makale) * Halk İçin İktisad Bilgisi (makale) * Türkiye Ekonomisi (inceleme-araştırma Ders Kitabı) * Toprak Uyanırsa (roman) * İhtilalin Mantığı (inceleme) * Kahramanlar Doğmalıydı (roman) * Kırmızı Mektuplar ve Son Yazılar (mektup - makale) * Lider ve Demegog (inceleme)

References