Louis Fieser

Louis F. Fieser (April 7, 1899 – July 25, 1977) was an organic chemist, professor, and in 1968, professor emeritus at Harvard University. He was renowned as the inventor, in 1943, of a militarily effective form of napalm. His award-winning research included work on blood-clotting agents including the first synthesis of vitamin K, synthesis and screening of quinones as antimalarial drugs, work with steroids leading to the synthesis of cortisone, and study of the nature of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Overview

Fieser was born in Columbus, Ohio, obtained his BA in chemistry in 1920 from Williams College, and his PhD under James Bryant Conant at Harvard in 1924. With his research assistant and wife Mary Peters Fieser (MA, 1936, Radcliffe) he coauthored eight books and the first seven volumes of the classic series "Reagents for Organic Synthesis" known popularly among chemists as "Fieser and Fieser".

Fieser had two chemical reagents named for him. "Fieser's reagent" is a mixture of chromium trioxide in acetic acid. "Fieser's solution" is an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydrosulfite, and sodium anthraquinone b-sulfonate. [Fieser, L. F., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1924, 46, 2639] Woodward's rules for calculating UV absorption maxima are also known as the Woodward-Fieser rules.

Fieser was the graduate advisor of 1987 Nobel laureate Donald J. Cram.

Dow Chemical began producing his formula for napalm during World War II. But it was not until the Vietnam War that the use of the jellied gasoline stirred controversy. Fieser, however, was unapologetic for its creation. He stated, "I have no right to judge the morality of napalm just because I invented it." ["Time" magazine, January 5, 1968]

Notes

References

*Gates, M., "Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Science" 1994, vol. 65, p. 161-175
*"Steroids", "Scientific American", January 1955, Vol.192, No.1, pp.52-60

External links

* [http://web.archive.org/web/20050312093403/http://moderntimes.vcdh.virginia.edu/PVCC/mbase/docs/napalm.html The Man Who Invented Napalm] "Time" magazine January 5, 1968 (Internet archive)
* [http://www.chemistry.msu.edu/Portraits/PortraitsHH_Detail.asp?HH_LName=Fieser Brief bio] and photo at Michigan State University, accessed February 9, 2006
* [http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/278/52/e4 Contributions of Organic Chemists to Biochemistry] "Journal of Biological Chemistry" online, accessed February 9, 2006