Fortifications of Copenhagen
- Fortifications of Copenhagen
The fortifications of Copenhagen can be classified historically as follows:
* The medieval fortifications
* The bastioned fortifications dating from the 1600s
* The ring fortification system dating from the 1800s
The ring fortification system (1886-94)
The most recent fortification of Copenhagen dates from the late 1800s. It is a fortification ring consisting of a wall ("Vestvolden"), 5 detached land forts ("Bagsværd Fort, Fortunfortet, Garderhøj Fort, Gladsaxe Fort, Lyngby Fort"), 7 small batteries, 4 coastal forts ("Avedøre Batteri, Charlottenlund Fort, Christiansholms Batteri, Kastrup Fort"), 1 sea fortress ("Middelgrundsfortet"). The design of the forts was guided by the principles of Brialmont.
The coastal defenses (1909-16)
A group of new coastal forts were constructed at the beginning of World War I. These were: "Dragør Fort, Flakfortet, Kongelundsfortet, Mosede Fort" and "Taarbæk Fort".
References
* "The Fortifications of Copenhagen: A Guide to 900 Years of Fortification History", Copenhagen: The National Forest and Nature Agency, The Ministry of Environment and Energy 1998.
External links
* [http://www.befaestningen.dk Project for the revitalization of the Copenhagen fortifications, in Danish]
* [http://www.vestvolden.info The fortification of Copenhagen 1880-1920. Danish / English]
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