Psyllid yellows

Psyllid yellows

Psyllid yellows is a disease of potatoes infested by the potato/tomato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli. The symptoms are a marked yellowing of the leaves, an upright appearance to the leaves, with severe cases resulting in early death of the plant. Tuber initiation and growth is affected. Many small tubers are formed, frequently misshaped. In some cases, the tubers seem to have lost sprouting inhibition and have begun sprouting before harvest. At later stages, the tubers sprout weakly, if at all.

It is thought that a toxin produced by the nymph stage of the psyllid causes these symptoms. If pest control occurs at an early stage of the disease, the plants appear to be able to recover.

A very similar disease has been described in tomatoes. [ [http://www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/press/2008/080604tomatoes.htm New bacterium affects fresh tomatoes and capsicums ] ] In addition to the foliar symptoms, mature fruit is very much smaller, tends to have a pointy end, and frequently they occur in larger clusters of fruit than normal. In severe cases, the yellowing progresses to plant death. In addition to psyllid feeding, a new species of bacterium "Candidatus" Liberibacter spp" has been associated with this disease. Capsicum crops show a similar fruit effect, but generally with no, or very little, foliar symptom.

A summary of symptoms from plants in New Zealand [ [http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/pests/surv-mgmt/resp/tom-cap-bacterium] ] with photos of tomato and capsicum plants: * Symptoms in tomato plants: Include leaf curling and yellowing stunting of the plant, fruit occasionally misshapen with a strawberry like appearance. The leaf axial or stalk may also become very long and the fruit development may be uneven. * Symptoms in capsicum plants: Include pale green or yellow leaves with spiky tips. Leaves may be misshapen. Leaf stalks may be misshapen, leaf stalks appear short, flowers may drop prematurely and parts of the plant may die back. Symptoms may vary in severity between varieties. * Symptoms in potato tops can include these being smaller than normal, yellowing and the tops can develop a scorched appearance before premature collapse.

This same Liberibacter has recently been found in potatoes in New Zealand [ [http://www.maf.govt.nz/mafnet/press/2008/083006-potatoes.htm Candidatus Liberibacter spp bacterium detected in new host ] ] and in the US. [https://www.wpdn.org/common/news_events/candidatus_liberibacter/APHIS%20SPRO%202008-32_7-14-08.pdf]

The potato disorder/disease "Zebra chip" is related in that Candidatus Liberibacter species has been reported from Zebra Chip potatoes in both Texas and New Zealand.

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • psyllid yellows — noun plural but singular or plural in construction : a virus disease of potatoes characterized by rolling and yellowish discoloration of the leaflets and transmitted by the potato psyllid * * * (used with a sing. or pl. v.) Plant Pathol. a viral… …   Useful english dictionary

  • psyllid yellows — (used with a sing. or pl. v.) Plant Pathol. a viral disease transmitted by the potato psyllid, causing the young leaves of potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers to curl and turn yellow or purplish. * * * …   Universalium

  • potato psyllid — noun : a hemipterous insect (Paratrioza cockerelli) that feeds on potato and tomato plants and causes psyllid yellows * * * a tiny homopterous insect, Paratrioza cockerelli, occurring in some areas of the western U.S., western Canada, and Mexico …   Useful english dictionary

  • potato psyllid — a tiny homopterous insect, Paratrioza cockerelli, occurring in some areas of the western U.S., western Canada, and Mexico: a serious pest to potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, and peppers, the nymphs acting as vectors in the transmission of psyllid… …   Universalium

  • Bactericera cockerelli — is a potato/tomato psyllid native to southern North America. As its name suggests, it is commonly found on potato and tomato crops, where feeding of the nymphs causes a condition called psyllid yellows, presumed to be the result of a toxin.The… …   Wikipedia

  • Zebra chip — Zebra chip, also known as papa manchada and papa rayada, is the term for both an as of yet unidentified pathogen and the disease it causes in potatoes and their derivative products.cite web |author=Kent Atkinson… …   Wikipedia

  • Huanglongbing — on mandarin oranges Huanglongbing (from Chinese 黃龍病 huáng lóng bìng, literally Yellow Dragon Disease), also known as HLB,[1] citrus vein phloem degeneration (CVPD), citrus greening disease, yellow shoot disease, leaf mottle yellows in the… …   Wikipedia

  • homopteran — /heuh mop teuhr euhn, hoh /, adj. 1. homopterous. n. 2. a homopterous insect. [1835 45; see HOMOPTEROUS, AN] * * * ▪ insect order Introduction   any of more than 32,000 species of sucking insects, the members of which exhibit considerable… …   Universalium

  • Citrus vein phloem degeneration — (CVPD), also known as Citrus Greening Disease , Yellow Shoot Disease (translated from Chinese huang lunpin , also translated as Yellow Dragon Disease), Huanglongbing , Likubin in Taiwan (translated from Chinese as Immediate Withering Disease),… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”