Antanas Mackevičius

Antanas Mackevičius

Antanas Mackevičius (June 14 1828 in Morkiai, near Kelmė – December 16 1863 in Kaunas) – Lithuanian priest, one of the leaders of 1863 Uprising.

Biography

He was born in a small Lithuanian noble family. He finished Vilnius Gymnasium, and 1846–1849 studied in Kiev st. Vladimir University. There he heard about European Revolutions of 1848 and started thinking about liberation o Lithuania from Russian Empire. after a while he did recognize, that peasants do trust priests, he decided to become one. 1850 he left Kiev and joined the Varniai Priest Seminary. After he has finished studies, 1853 -1855 he was serving as vicar in Krekenava, and 1856–1862 in Paberžė church.

In the spring of 1863 the Uprising against Russian Empire reached Lithuania. Antanas Mackevičius was the first to openly declare idea about independent Lithuania. On March 2 he held a speech in Paberžė church, and agitated people to rise up and restore independence, and promised to reorganize society allowing citizen rights for peasants, and also promising them land.

He succeeded in organizing 250 men, armed with hunting rifles and straightened scythes. Mackevičius' platoon was fighting until November 26, and after the loss near Vilkija he was captured in December 17, and was delivered to Kaunas prison. After Mackevičius refused to betray other leaders of the uprising, he was hanged by the direct order of Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov-Vilensky on 11 AM December 28 in Kaunas. [lt icon Virginija Skučaitė. Egzekucijų vietos Kaune // Kauno diena. 2002 m. liepos 27 d. [http://www.kaunodiena.lt/lt/?id=6&aid=606] ] The forces gathered to liberate him in Aleksotas did not attack city.

In the Lithuania there was 30 thousand badly armed uprising forces, and it opposed circa 145 thousand of regular Russian Empire forces.

References

*lt icon Gediminas Ilgūnas. Antanas Mackevičius: sukilimo žygiai ir kovos. V.: Versus Aureus, 2007. - 303, [1] . ISBN 978-9955-34-009-6
*lt icon Arūnas Gumuliauskas. Baudžiavos panaikinimas ir 1863 m. sukilimas. Lietuva: nuo valstybės susikūrimo iki valstybės atkūrimo. Vilnius: 1993. – p. 229–232.


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