Putis

Infobox City
official_name = Putis
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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = PER
subdivision_type1 = Region
subdivision_name1 = Ayacucho
subdivision_type2 = Province
subdivision_name2 = Huanta
subdivision_type3 = District
subdivision_name3 = Santillana
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leader_title = Mayor
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settlement_type = Hamlet
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timezone = PET
utc_offset = -5
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latd = 12
latm = 34
lats = 44
latNS = S
longd = 74
longm = 13
longs = 44
longEW = W
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Putis is a rural hamlet in Southern Peru. It is located in the Santillana District of the Huanta Province in the Ayacucho Region. [Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática, [http://desa.inei.gob.pe/mapas/bid/ Banco de Información Digital] . Retrieved June 16, 2008.] Putis is known for being the location of mass graves dating back to the 1980's, where 123 men, women and children are buried.

According to a 2003 report by the Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission, the guerrilla group Shining Path was very active in the Huanta Province since the start of the Internal conflict in Peru in 1980. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", p. 143.] During 1983, Shining Path murdered the lieutenant governor of Putis, Santos Quispe Saavedra and carried out similar acts of violence in nearby towns; as a consequence, the inhabitants of Putis were forced to seek refuge in the nearby mountains. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", p. 144.]

To parry this threat, the Peruvian Army established a military base in Putis in November 1984 and called on all refugees to return to the town. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", pp. 144–145.] Upon their return, on December 1984, the military ordered the men of the community to dig a pit, then gathered the local population around it, executed all of them with gunfire and buried them in the excavated pit. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", p. 145.] It is believed that the reasons for these executions were suspicions that the inhabitants of Putis were sympathetic to Shining Path and a desire to steal and sell the cattle of the community. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", pp. 148–149.]

The total number of victims is estimated at 123 men and women from the towns of Cayramayo, Vizcatánpata, Orccohuasi and Putis; 19 of those murdered were minors. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", pp. 150–152.] The Truth and Reconciliation Commission identified two mass graves in Putis, one behind the church and the other inside the school. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", p. 149.] Some persons from Putis survived the massacre by staying in the mountains, where they remained until a few of them returned in 1997; as of 2002 some ten families lived in Putis. [CVR, "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis", p. 150.]

In May 2008, a group of forensic investigators began the exhumation of the Putis mass graves belatedly following a 2003 recommendation by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate all such massacre sites. [BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7419735.stm Peru recovers mass grave bodies] . Retrieved June 16, 2008.] Around 50 relatives of the persons killed joined the investigators to watch the recovery of their family members remains. [Reuters, [http://www.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUSN2931764520080529 Years after slaughter, Peru opens giant burial pit] . Retrieved June 16, 2008.] Despite the exhumation procedures, no one has been indicted so far for the Putis massacre as the Peruvian Military refuses to give any explanation about the events, claiming all related documentation was destroyed in a fire. [BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7449079.stm Peruvians seek relatives in mass grave] . Retrieved June 16, 2008.]

Notes

References

* BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7419735.stm Peru recovers mass grave bodies] . May 26, 2008.
* BBC News. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7449079.stm Peruvians seek relatives in mass grave] . June 12 2008.
* Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación. PDFlink| [http://www.cverdad.org.pe/ifinal/pdf/TOMO%20VII/Casos%20Ilustrativos-UIE/2.14.%20putis.pdf "Ejecuciones extrajudiciales en Putis"] . Lima: CVR, 2003.
* Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. [http://desa.inei.gob.pe/mapas/bid/ Banco de Información Digital] .
* Reuters, [http://www.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUSN2931764520080529 Years after slaughter, Peru opens giant burial pit] . May 29, 2008.