Vitebsk Museum of Modern Art

Vitebsk Museum of Modern Art ( _ru. Витебский Музей Современного Искусства) was an Art Museum in Vitebsk, Belarus organized in 1918 by Marc Chagall, Kazimir Malevich and Alexander Romm. In 1921 it exhibited 120 paintings "representing all the movements of the contemporary art from the Academic Realism to Impressionism to Suprematism". In the mid 1920ies the museum was abolished. While some paintings have found their way to museums of Russia and Belarus the whereabouts of many paintings is unknown.

History

The history of the museum starts in 1918. On 12 September 1918 famous painter Marc Chagall, then the Commissar of Arts for Vitebsk Region, goes to Petrograd for getting the official approval for his idea to organize a Museum of Modern Art in Vitebsk. On 14 November 1918 newspaper published information that the works on organization of museum of modern arts had started in Vitebsk.

The Museum was organized in the building of the "People's Art School" (Народное Художественное Училище) on 10 Bukharin Street. The Museum was headed By Chagall and Malevich and later by Alexander Romm who was appointed the Chief of Vitebsk Commission on preservation of Heritage and Arts on 15 January 1920. In parallel the same building also hosted another art museum, the so called School Museum for the works of the graduates of the People's Art School. The second museum was organized on 8 July 1919.

To the 1920ies the museum got a significant collection of the contemporary painting. In spring 1921 Alexander Romm wrote about 120 paintings "representing all the movements of the contemporary art from the Academic Realism to Impressionism to Suprematism. Almost all contemporary painters are represented in the collection by their serious characteristic works". Today we know 90 paintings of the museum (some may belong to the School Museum. The painters included Nathan Altman, Abram Brazer, David Burliuk, Marc Chagall, Aleksandra Ekster, Robert Falk,Sergei Gerasimov, Natalia Goncharova, Alexander Ivanovich Ivanov, Wassily Kandinsky, Ivan Klyun, Pyotr Konchalovsky, Konstantin Korovin, Nikolai Krymov, Pavel Kuznetsov, Alexander V. Kuprin, Mikhail Larionov, Aristarkh Lentulov, Kazimir Malevich, Ilya Mashkov, Vassily Millioti, Alexey Morgunov, Alexander Osmerkin, Yakov Pain, Vera Pestel,Lyubov Popova, Yehuda Pen, Alexander Rodchenko, Vassily Rozhdestvensky, Olga Rozanova, Alexander Romm, Nikolay Sinezubov, Konstantin Somov, Varvara Stepanova, Władysław Strzemiński, Aleksandr Shevchenko, David Sternberg, Solomon Yudovin.

The exposition of the museum was open to public in July 1920. In July-October 1922 23 paintings were moved to Petrograd. To the 1 April 1923 only 35 works left. In 1925 the were signals that paintings of avant guard artists from the museum are cut for canvas by the students of Art School. 26 September 1925 the surviving 32 paintings were transferred to Vitebsk Regional Museum. Most of them were transfeered to the Belarusian National Arts Museum in Minsk in 1939. After the World War II only one work from the former Vitebsk Museum of Modern Arts was left in Vitebsk: a small still lide by David Sternberg. Besides this painting the whereabout of only 24 are known: 19 paintings are in State Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg, 4 paintings are in Belarusian National Arts Museum in Minsk and one painting is in the Kawamura Museum of Modern Art in Japan.

Bibliography

*Бандарэнка А. Гісторыя аднаго музея // Літаратура і мастацтва. 1989. 28 чэрвеня. С.12
*Карасик И. Петроградский музей художественной культуры // Музей в музее. Русский авангард из коллекции Музея художественной культуры в собрании Государственного Русского музея. СПб.: ГРМ, 1998. С.15-17
*Горячева Т.В. «Директория новаторов»: Уновис – группа, идеология, альманах // Уновис №1. Витебск 1920. Факсимильное издание. М.: Издательство СканРус, 2003. С.12-13 (приложение)
*Исаков Г.П. Из истории коллекции Витебского музея современного искусства (1919-1941 гг.) // Веснік Віцебскага дзяржаўнага універсітэта. 2001. №1. С.53-58
*Михневич Л.В. К вопросу об истории витебского Музея современного (левого) искусства // Русский авангард: проблемы репрезентации и интерпретации: Сб. стат. СПб.: Palaсe Editions, 2001. С. 37-44
*Михневич Л.В. История витебского Музея современного (левого) искусства // Мастацкі музей у кантэксце нацыянальнай культуры на мяжы тысячагоддзяў. Стан. Праблемы. Развіццё: Матэрыялы навуковай канферэнцыi. Мн.: ТАА «Белпрынт», 2004. С.52-66
*Шатских А.С. Витебск. Жизнь искусства 1917-1922. Москва: Языки русской культуры, 2001. С.158-161. (в переводе на англ. яз.: Shatskikh, Aleksandra Semenovna. Vitebsk : the life of art. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007)
*Крусанов А.В. Русский авангард: 1907-1932. В 3 т. Футуристическая революция (1917-1921). М., 2003. Т.2. Кн.1. С.122- 123.
* Шишанов В. А. Витебский Музей современного искусства: история создания и коллекции. 1918—1941. Минск: Медисонт, 2007. 144 с. [http://www.eastview.com/xq/ASP/sku=805251B/f_locale=/Shishanov/Valerii/Alekseevich/Минск/Belarus/Russian/qx/russian/books/product.asp]
* [http://vash2008.mylivepage.ru/wiki/1310/421_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%92.%D0%90._%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%3A_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%281918-1941%29_%D0%A4%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%93%D0%9C%D0%95%D0%9D%D0%A2%D0%AB Шишанов В. А. Витебский музей современного искусства: история создания и коллекции (1918-1941)]

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