Zia Mohiuddin Dagar

Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar (14 March, 1929–28 September, 1990), popularly known as Z. M. Dagar, was a North Indian (Hindustani) classical musician, one of the 19th generation of Dagar family dhrupad musicians. He was largely responsible for the revival of the rudra vina as a solo concert instrument.

Z. M. Dagar was born in the town of Udaipur, Rajasthan and began musical study with his father, Ustad Ziauddin Khan Dagar, court musician for the Maharaj of Udaipur. He was trained both in vocals and in the rudra vina, an instrument used by vocalists to practice melodies. The vina was traditionally not played in public, but the young Zia Mohiuddin adopted it as his primary instrument, giving his first recital at age 16. Although he was discouraged by his father from experimenting with the structure of the vina, he nevertheless modified the instrument after his father's death to better equip it for solo performance, transforming it into a larger bass instrument (sometimes called a Dagar vina): With the help of instrument house Kanailal & Brother, he enlarged the tumbas (gourds) and dhandhi (hollow neck) to create greater resonance and to allow the notes to sustain longer and so better reproduce the techniques used in dhrupad singing. Because of these modifications, the instrument was too heavy to be held in the standard Northern posture (with one tumba on the left shoulder), so he played instead in the Southern posture, with one tumba on the ground and one on the left knee.

Z. M. Dagar was known particularly for his slow development of ragas, typically performed only with tanpura accompaniment (he rarely played with pakhawaj), and for his meticulous attention to microtonal inflections.

He was very active in the West, associating himself with the American Society for Eastern Arts in Berkeley, California and with Wesleyan University, Rotterdam Music Conservatory, and the University of Washington, Seattle, where he was a visiting professor.

In 1990, Ustadji was awarded the Kalidas Samman, one of India's most prestigious awards, by the Madhya Pradesh government. He also received the Sangeet Natak Academi Award, the Rajasthan Sangeet Natak Academi award, and the Maharana Kumbha award, to name a few.

His younger brother, Ustad Zia Fariddudin Dagar, is a vocalist and teacher, and his son, Baha'ud'din Mohiuddin Dagar, is a vina player. He taught the Gundecha Brothers, considered today to be among the leading exponents of dhrupad.

Ustad Zia Mohiuddin Dagar died in 1990.

External links

* [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:jpfqxqu5ldse Z. M. Dagar] at allmusic
* [http://www.raga.com/cds/222/222booklet.html Z. M. Dagar] : A memoir by Jody Stecher at [http://www.raga.com Raga Records]
* [http://www.dhrupad.org/teacher/index.htm Profile of Z. M. Dagar] by the Gundecha Brothers
* [http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendid=125565366 MySpace page] for Z. M. Dagar
* [http://www.dagar.org/ Dagar.org] : Dagar family homepage

Video

* [http://aris.ss.uci.edu/rgarfias/kiosk/media.html Z. M. Dagar video] from Robert Garfias' site