Phrenitis

Phrenitis

Phrenitis was employed in ancient Greece by Hippocrates and his followers. It refers to acute inflammation of mind and body, not in a theoretical but in a descriptive sense. Its presumed seat was never anatomically or conceptually well determined. The diagnose was used during the Middle Ages: a mental confusion or contiuous delirium with fever.

Phrenitis means an inflammation of the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever and delirium. Symptoms varie widely in severity, from shortlived, relatively slight effects of headache, drowsiness, and fever to paralysis, coma, and death.

History teaches that the ancient phrenitis concept has been used until the 19th century. After that time the concept was replaced by the word delirium. By their epigonic character the detailed descriptions of phrenitis by Gerard van Swieten mark only the end of an uncritical use of the term. The epoch-making work of Morgagni, based on clinical-anatomical observations, provides a definitive insight into the location of the condition and into many pathologic features. Pinel is the last author who mentions phrenitis in a classification of diseases.

Phrenitis is no longer in scientific use. Nowadays meningitis or encephalitis are diagnosed. Relating to phrenitis: suffering from frenzy; delirious; mad; frantic; frenetic.

External link

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9245190


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  • Phrenitis — ist eine Diagnose aus dem Mittelalter. Die übliche Definition lautete lat.: Delirium continuum cum febre Anhaltendes Delirium mit Fieber. Neben ein Delirium als Störung der mentalen Fähigkeiten trat ein akutes Fieber als kennzeichnendes Symptom.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Phrenitis — Phre*ni tis, n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ?, ?.] 1. (Med.) Inflammation of the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever and delirium; called also {cephalitis}. [1913 Webster] 2. See {Frenzy}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Phrenītis — (griech.), Zwerchfellentzündung …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • PHRENITIS — sapientiae morbus, Plinio, l. 7. c. 51. cui et fimbriarum curam et vestium plicaturas tribuit. Eidem κροκυδισμὸν Galenus ascribit, in Medico; Ubi κροκυδισμὸς, est a verbo κροκυδίζειν, quod Pollux exponit ἐκλέγειν τὸ τραχὺ τοῦ ἐρίου, asperiores… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • phrenitis — /fri nuy tis/, n. Pathol. (formerly) 1. inflammation of the brain; encephalitis. 2. delirium; frenzy. [1615 25; < LL phrenitis delirium, frenzy < Gk phrenîtis. See PHREN , ITIS] * * * …   Universalium

  • Phrenitis — Phre|ni|tis die; , ...itiden <über lat. phrenitis aus gr. phrenĩtis, eigtl. »Wahnsinn«, weil das Zwerchfell als Sitz des Verstandes galt> Zwerchfellentzündung (Med.) …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

  • phrenitis — noun /fɹəˈnʌɪtɪs,fɹəˈnaɪdəs/ Madness, especially as caused by inflammation of the brain; meningitis. Phrenitis, which the Greeks derive from the word , is a disease of the mind, with a continual madness or dotage [...] …   Wiktionary

  • phrenitis — noun inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus; symptoms include headache and neck pain and drowsiness and nausea and fever ( phrenitis is no longer in scientific use) • Syn: ↑encephalitis, ↑cephalitis • Hypernyms: ↑inflammation,… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Phrenitis — Phre|ni|tis 〈f.; , ti|den; Med.〉 Zwerchfellentzündung [zu grch. phren „Zwerchfell; Geist, Sinn, Gemüt, Verstand“] * * * Phre|ni|tis, die; , …itiden (Med.): Zwerchfellentzündung …   Universal-Lexikon

  • phrénitis — (fré ni tis ) s. f. Nom donné par les médecins grecs à une fièvre rémittente, caractérisée par le délire et la carphologie. ÉTYMOLOGIE    Du grec, intelligence …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

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