Water (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on water.

Structure and properties

Water/steam equilibrium properties

Vapor pressure formula for steam in equilibrium with liquid water: [Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. page 1436]

::log₁₀("P") = "A" − "B" / ("T" – "C")

where "P" is equilibrium vapor pressure in kPa, and "T" is temperature in kelvins.

for "T" = 273 K to 333 K: "A" = 7.2326; "B" = 1750.286; "C" = 38.1

for "T" = 333 K to 423 K: "A" = 7.0917; "B" = 1668.21; "C" = 45.1

::

^‡Ice XI triple point is theoretical and has never been obtained

Phase diagram

Self ionization

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Additional data translated from German "Wasser (Stoffdaten)" page

The data that follows was copied and translated from the German language Wikipedia version of this page (which has moved to [http://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Tabellensammlung_Chemie/_Stoffdaten_Wasser here] ). It provides supplementary physical, thermodynamic, and vapor pressure data, some of which is redundant with data in the tables above, and some of which is additional.

Physical and thermodynamic tables

In the following tables, values are temperature dependent and to a lesser degree pressure dependent, and are arranged by state of aggregation (s=solid, lq=liquid, g=gas), which are clearly a function of temperature and pressure. All of the data were computed from data given in "Formulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for Scientific and General Use" (1984). This applies to:

* "T" - temperature in degrees Celsius
* "V" - specific volume in decimeter³ per kilogram (1 dm³ is equivalent to 1 liter)
* "H" - specific enthalpy in kJ per kilogram
* "U" - internal energy in kJ per kilogram
* "S" - specific entropy in kJ per kilogram-kelvin
* "c_p" - specific (constant pressure) heat capacity in kJ per kilogram-kelvin
* "γ" - Thermal expansion coefficient as 10^–3 per kelvin
* "λ" - Heat conductivity in milliwatt per meter-kelvin
* "η" - Viscosity in micropascal-seconds (1 cP = 1000 µPa·s)
* "σ" - surface tension in millinewtons per meter (equivalent to dyn/cm)

tandard conditions

In the following table, material data are given for standard pressure of 0.1 MPa (equivalent to 1 bar). Up to 99.63 °C (the boiling point of water at 0.1 MPa), at this pressure water exists as a liquid. Above that, it exists as water vapor. Note that the boiling point of 100.0 °C is at a pressure of 0.101325 MPa (1 atm), which is the average atmospheric pressure.

::

References

*nist
*Cook, R.L, Lucia, F.C.D, & Helminger, P. 1974, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 53, 62.

External links

* [http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/MolSpec/trisearch.pl?molecule=H2O&xHst216O=1&lowerfreq=1&upperfreq=1000&units=GHz Microwave Spectrum (by NIST)]
* [http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/data.html Compilation of proprties, with citations] by Martin Chaplin, London South Bank University.

Disclaimer

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

applies.