Battle of El Toro

Infobox Military Conflict
conflict=Battle of El Toro
partof=the Chilean War of Independence


caption=Battle of Maipú, painted in 1837
date=March 6, 1820
place=Hacienda El Toro, near Tegualda in Fresia commune
result=Patriot victory
combatant1=an patriots
combatant2=flagicon|Spain|1785 Royalists
commander1=flagicon|France|1820 Jorge Beauchef
commander2=flagicon|Spain|1785 Gaspar Fernández de Bobadilla
flagicon|Spain|1785 Miguel de Senosiain
strength1=140
2 canons
strength2=300
casualties1=11 killed
29 wounded
casualties2=~40 killed
106 prisoners

The Battle of El Toro (March 6, 1820) was a battle fought near Maullín, Chile between Chilean patriots and Spanish royalists, during the Chilean War of Independence.

Background

After the capture of Valdivia, Lord Thomas Cochrane departed, leaving Colonel Jorge Beauchef as commander and governor of Valdivia. Beauchef decided to head south in order to secure Osorno, to expel the remains of the royalist forces from the Chilean mainland and to take possession of the area south to the Maullín River, so that the Spanish would not be able to reoccupy Valdivia by land. His main worry was a possible regrouping of the Royalist forces in the area, since they far outnumbered his own.

Previous to this battle, all the royalists garrisons that had managed to escape from the cities of Valdivia and Osorno gathered at the Carelmapu Fort. The governor of Chiloé Brigadier Antonio Quintanilla was disgusted with the poor performance of the old colonel Manuel Montoya and replaced him with Gaspar Fernández de Bobadilla and captain Miguel de Senosiain, and ordered them to return north and combat the patriots. Bobadilla and Senosiain re-crossed the Maullín River at the head of 300 soldiers.

The battle

On March 6th, Colonel Beauchef sent a advanced scouting group of 50 soldiers under the command of captain José María Labé. As the scouting party was advancing south, they were attacked by the Royalists, who were ambushed in a forest near the Hacienda El Toro. Labé managed to mantain his ground for about an hour answering the fire, but finally started to retreat overwhelmed by the numerically superior enemy.

The royalist came out of their shelters and started to closely pursue the patriots, who by then were in full retreat. When Beauchef heard the shots, he decided to intervene with the 90 soldiers under his command, while allowing Labe's troop to move to his rear, in order for them to rest and recharge his ammunition. The Royalist were then left to face the fresh and entrenched patriot forces, who faced them with increased fire power. As they didn't know how big were Beauchef's forces, they became discouraged and demoralized, and halted their attack.

Beauchef immediately seized the opportunity and ordered a frontal bayonet counter-charge with all the forces under his command, causing the Royalists to flee. The patriots, using the horses captured to the enemy began an implacable persecution. The Spanish royalists left the field, leaving behind 40 dead, 106 prisioners and 140 guns and most of their ammunition. Beauchef lost 11 soldiers and had 29 injured.