Scalar field theory (pseudoscience)

:"For the quantum mechanical "scalar field theory" which is a field theory of spinless particles, see "Scalar field theory"

Scalar field theory (SFT) is a set of theories in a model which posits that there is a basic mechanism that produces the electric field and the magnetic field. Proponents of this theory claim that it advances the standard electromagnetic theory.

Scalar waves in these theories (as opposed to a scalar field in mainstream physics) are hypothetical waves, which differ from the conventional electromagnetic transverse waves by having one oscillation level parallel to the direction of propagation; they thus have characteristics of longitudinal waves. Their existence however, as presupposed in numerous theories, has not been supported by experiment. Scalar waves are called also "electromagnetic longitudinal waves", "Maxwellian waves", or "Teslawellen" (tr., "Tesla waves"). Variants of the theory claim that Scalar electromagnetics (also known as scalar energy) is the background quantum mechanical fluctuations and associated zero-point energies (in contrast to "vector energies" which sum to zero).Fact|date=February 2007

Description

Terminology

The basic understanding of scalar field theory begins with several definition of terms within the theory, which are also used in academic physics, but assigns them other meanings. A "scalar field" is a set of assigned observable magnitudes at every point in n-dimensional space (compare this with the standard definition; n is also 4 or greater). ref|Scalarfield An "electric field" is composed of the spinning charged mass, in motion through a finite change in electrostatic scalar potential (compare this with the current academic definition). A "potential" is pure energy and, is any ordering (static or dynamic) in the vacuum (eg., the position of the object relative to other objects). A "scalar potential" is the stationary ordering in the virtual particle flux of the vacuum (compare this with the current academic definition). A "vector potential" is any nonstationary ordering in the virtual particle flux of vacuum (compare this with the current academic definition). Scalar potentials and vector potentials are thus defined as: "contained" inside the energy domain.Fact|date=August 2008

Magnetic fields interaction

SFT is based on "non-symmetrical regauging" potentials, demonstrated by the interaction of two magnetic fields.

When the field lines oppose each other, the magnets are pulled together. When the fields are aligned in the same direction, the magnets push apart. When two magnets strongly oppose each other but are not permitted to move apart, the force between them is said to create a "scalar bubble" between the magnets. The greater the repulsive force, the larger this scalar bubble becomes. As the magnets move away and the pushing force decreases, the scalar bubble shrinks in size and strength.

In a similar manner, two magnets that are strongly attracted create a "scalar void" between them that grows larger the closer the two magnets become. Two magnets powerfully attracted to one another create a very large scalar void, that decreases as the attracting magnets are moved apart.

Despite the claims of its proponents, no repeatable experiments were able to show the existence of the scalar field. All observed effects were shown to comply to the standard physical laws of electrodynamics. The observations are in spectacular agreement not only with classical electromagnetics, but also with quantum electrodynamics, both of which are fields of physics.

Field effects of scalar energy

SFT suggests that scalar energy can move through space much like an electromagnetic wave. However, the operating principles are different. The regular expansion and contraction of a scalar bubble/void is like rhythmicly splashing water on a pond. It sends out ripples through the general scalar field that can subtly affect the size and strength of distant scalar bubbles/voids.

This means that a pair of magnets that are rhythmically opposing/attracting each other are sending out scalar ripples through space that will slightly perturb the scalar bubble/void between a second pair magnets nearby. The net effect is that the attraction and/or repulsion between the second pair of magnets exhibits a change in strength, even though the magnets and fields themselves are motionless.

According to skeptics, the following description given for an application to a communication system reportedly failed to give reproduceable results.

A basic scalar communications system

A scalar communications broadcast antenna does not make any sense according to normal electromagnetic theory. The goal of a scalar broadcast antenna is to create powerful repulsion/attraction between two magnetic fields, to create large scalar bubbles/voids. This is done by using a broadcast antenna with two opposing electromagnetic coils that effectively cancel out as much of each other's magnetic field as possible. An ideal scalar broadcast antenna will emit no electromagnetic field (or as little as possible), since all power is being focused into the repulsion/attraction between the two opposing magnetic fields. Normal electromagnetic theory suggests that since such a device emits no measurable electromagnetic field, it is useless and will only heat up. For a scalar broadcast antenna, any normal RF emission is wasted energy.

A scalar reception antenna similarly excludes normal electromagnetic waves and only measures changes in magnetic field attraction and repulsion. This will typically be a two-coil powered antenna that sets up a static opposing or attracting magnetic field between the coils. The coils are counter-wound so that any normal RF signal will be picked up by both coils simultaneously and effectively cancel itself out, leaving only the scalar component.

Scalar field detection by normal RF antennas

Even though a scalar wave train does not contain the regular EM components that are used by radio frequency communications, it can still be detected by a normal RF antenna, if that antenna is in the presence of some other static magnetic field. When the scalar wave train passes through, it will create a disturbance in the field surrounding that magnet and make the field lines move, which will impart a small electrical current in the standard RF antenna, as if the magnet itself were moved.

Since all normal RF antennas are immersed in the magnetic field of the planet, they can serve as crude scalar detectors, though the reception will be extremely weak and washed out by any normal RF in the vicinity. Detection ability is greatly increased by enclosing the antenna and circuitry in a faraday cage, and by placing a very strong magnet near the antenna inside the cage.

calar antennas and detectors

Various proponents have claimed to have developed instruments with characteristics and specifications for different designs. Scalar antenna and detector examples include:

Typesref|Shannon00
* Magnetostatic Detectors
* Electrostatic Detectors
* Barkhausen Detector

Windingsref|RMCybernetics
* "single-wire bifilar"
* "dual-wire bifilar"
* "pancake bifilar"
* "cone bifiliar"

Proponents of the theory have constructed bifiliar test antennas as isolation transformers. These have taken the form of a ferrite rod, ferrite ring, an air core, or the common square transformer shape.

External articles, references and further reading

;Thomas E. Bearden
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/books/ferdelance/s24.htm Scalar electromagnetics] ". [http://www.cheniere.org/books/ferdelance/index.html Fer de Lance] , 1986.
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/books/cancer/006.htm Founders of Scalar Electromagnetics] ".
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/references/superpotential.htm Superpotentials, Scalar interferometry, and Internally Structuring of Fields and Potentials] ".
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/patent%20application/claim.htm Method, System, and apparatus for conditioning electromagentic potentials, fields, and waves to treat matter] ". Provisional Patent Application.
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/misc/bearden%20cv%20long.htm Maxwellian EM Systems Far from Equilibrium with the Active Vacuum; New Mechanisms for Energy Flow Interception and Interaction; Creating and Using Engines Comprised of Sets of Local Spacetime Curvatures] ".

;Description
*" T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/books/excalibur/glossary/178.htm Scalar field] ". [http://www.cheniere.org/books/excalibur/glossary/ A partial glossary for scalar electromagnetics and subtle phenomena] , 1988 (updated 2000).
* T. E. Bearden, P. K. Anastasovski, C. Ciubotariu, et al., "Operator derivation of the gauge invariant Proca and Lehnert equations; elimination of the Lorenz condition", Foundations of Physics, 30, 1123 (2000).
* Myron W. Evans, et al., "Classical electrodynamics without the Lorenz condition: Extracting energy from the vacuum". Physica Scripta 61(5), May 2000, p. 513-517.
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/articles/clean%20electrical.htm Clean Electrical Energy from the Active Vacuum] ". Jan. 2002. ("ed". explained in end reference 32)
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://cheniere.org/techpapers/bearden5.pdf EM Energy from the vacuum: Ten questions with extended answers] ". September 2000. (PDF)
* T. E. Bearden, " [http://www.cheniere.org/techpapers/on_extracting_EM%20energy.htm On extracting electromagnetic energy from the vacuum] ".

;Scalar antenna examples
* " More Electromagnetism : [http://www.rmcybernetics.com/science/physics/electromagnetism2_scalar_waves.htm Scalar Waves] ". RMCybernetics, 2005.
* Robert Shannon, " [http://www.amasci.com/freenrg/bark.html Notes on Scalar Detector Designs] ". 1996.
* " [http://jnaudin.free.fr/html/scalwidx.htm Electromagnetics Researches] ". JLN Labs, 01-31-05.

;Journal articles
* T. E. Bearden and Floyd Sweet , "Utilizing Scalar Electromagnetics to Tap Vacuum Energy". Proceedings of the 26th Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference (IECEC '91).
* T. E. Bearden, "Background for Pursuing Scalar Electromagnetics". Assoc. Dist. Am. Sci., 1992.

; Books
* Tom E. Bearden, "Scalar technology". Michels 2002, ISBN 0-914119-05-2
* Marco bishop, "Tachyons - Orgone energies - scalar waves". RK publishing house 2002, ISBN 3-85502-786-2 (German)
* Konstantin Meyl, " [http://www.tfcbooks.com/mall/more/611swt.htm Scalar wave technology] ". 2001, ISBN 3-9802542-6-7 (German)
* Myron W. Evans, "Modern Nonlinear Optics, Part III". (Second Edition) John Wiley & Sons, Inc 19 Mar 2002. ISBN 0-471-38932-3 ISBN 0-471-23149-5 (Online)

;Other
* " [http://www.rmcybernetics.com/science/physics/electromagnetism2.htm More Electromagnetism] ". RMCybernetics, 2005. ("ed". Discusses electromagnetics and scalar wave theory.)
* Bill Morgan, " [http://www.prahlad.org/pub/bearden/scalar_wars.htm Scalar Wars] ; The Brave New World of Scalar Electromagnetics".
* Konstantin Meyl, " [http://www.k-meyl.de/de/Aufsatze/Skalarwellen/skalarwellen.html Longitudinalwellen-Experiment nach Nikola Tesla] ". (German)
*Barron, Jon, [http://www.jonbarron.org/special_reports/08-30-2006_3.php The Energy of Life] , 8/30/2006
* [http://relativity.livingreviews.org/open?pubNo=lrr-2007-5&key=Christodoulou5 Critical Phenomena in Gravitational Collapse, by Carsten Gundlach and José M. Martín-García]
* [http://www.sam.math.ethz.ch/~jeltsch/eval_08_rj_09_march_final_web.pdf Three Dimensional Simulations of High Intense Particle Beams in Complicated Accelerator Structures, by Rolf Jeltsch]
* [http://www.monstein.de/physics/BrayBritton.pdf Remarks to ”Comment on ’Observation of scalar longitudinal electro dynamic waves’, by J. R. Bray and M. C. Britton]
* [http://peswiki.com/index.php/Directory:Keppean_Scalar_Motor Keppean Scalar Motor, a text about actual implemented motor based on scalar energy]