Sodium bromide

Sodium bromide
Sodium bromide
Identifiers
CAS number 7647-15-6 YesY
13466-08-5 (dihydrate)
PubChem 253881
ChemSpider 22712 YesY
UNII LC1V549NOM YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1644694 N
RTECS number VZ3150000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula NaBr
Molar mass 102.894 g/mol
Appearance White powder
Density 3.21 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.18 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point

747 °C (anhydrous)
36 °C (dihydrate)

Boiling point

1396 °C

Solubility in water 90.5 g/100 mL (20 °C) 121.0 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Solubility in methanol 16.7 g/100mL
Refractive index (nD) 1.6459
Hazards
MSDS External MSDS[dead link]
EU Index Not listed
Flash point 800 °C
LD50 3500 mg/kg
Related compounds
Other anions Sodium fluoride
Sodium chloride
Sodium iodide
Other cations Lithium bromide
Potassium bromide
Rubidium bromide
Caesium bromide
 N (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Sodium bromide is an inorganic compound with the formula NaBr. It is a high-melting white, crystalline solid that resembles sodium chloride. It is a widely used source of the bromide ion and has many applications.[1]

Contents

Synthesis, structure, reactions

NaBr crystallizes in the same cubic motif as NaCl, NaF and NaI. It is produced by treating sodium hydroxide with hydrogen bromide. The anhydrous salt crystallizes above 50.7 °C.[1]

Sodium bromide can be used as a source of the chemical element bromine. This can be accomplished by treating an aqueous solution of NaBr with chlorine gas:

2 NaBr + Cl2 → Br2 + 2 NaCl

Applications

Sodium bromide is the most useful inorganic bromide in industry.[1]

Medicine

Also known as Sedoneural, sodium bromide has been used as a hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and sedative in medicine , widely used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Its action is due to the bromide ion, and for this reason potassium bromide is equally effective.[2]

Preparation of other bromine compounds

Sodium bromide is widely used for the preparation of other bromides in organic synthesis and other areas. It is a source of the bromide nucleophile to convert alkyl chlorides to more reactive alkyl bromides by the Finkelstein reaction:

NaBr + RCl → RBr + NaCl (R = alkyl)

Once a large need in photography, but now shrinking, the photosensitive salt silver bromide is prepared using NaBr.

Disinfectant

NaBr is used in conjunction with chlorine as a disinfectant for swimming pools.

Petroleum industry

Sodium bromide is used to prepare dense fluids used in oil wells.

Safety

NaBr has a very low toxicity with an oral LD50 estimated at 5 g/kg for rats.

References

  1. ^ a b c Michael J. Dagani, Henry J. Barda, Theodore J. Benya, David C. Sanders "Bromine Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry" Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2000.doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_405
  2. ^ Bromide

External links


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