Daqing

Daqing
Daqing
大庆
—  Prefecture-level city  —
Daqing (red) in Heilongjiang province (orange) and China
Daqing is located in Heilongjiang
Daqing
Location in Heilongjiang
Coordinates: 46°35′N 125°0′E / 46.583°N 125°E / 46.583; 125
Country People's Republic of China
Province Heilongjiang
Area
 – Prefecture-level city 8,556.4 sq mi (22,161 km2)
 – Urban 2,123.6 sq mi (5,500 km2)
 – Metro 1,260.6 sq mi (3,265 km2)
Population (2010 census)
 – Prefecture-level city 2,904,532
 – Density 339.5/sq mi (131.1/km2)
 – Urban 1,323,252
 – Urban density 623.1/sq mi (240.6/km2)
 – Metro 1,042,902
 – Metro density 827.3/sq mi (319.4/km2)
Time zone China standard time (UTC+8)
Website http://www.daqing.gov.cn/

Daqing (simplified Chinese: 大庆; traditional Chinese: 大慶; pinyin: Dàqìng; formerly spelled "Taching") (pronounced Da Tshing) is a prefecture-level city in the west of Heilongjiang province of Northeast China. The name literally means "Great Celebration". Located in China’s Harbin-Daqing-Qiqihar Industrial Corridor, Daqing is known as the Oil Capital of China and has experienced a phenomenal boom. Since oil was discovered here in the 1960s, Daqing was originally used as a settlement for petroleum workers, and became the most important city for the petrochemicals industry and petroleum extraction in China.

Its population is 2,904,532 at the 2010 census whom 1,042,902 in the built up area made of 4 out of 5 urban districts (Sartu, Longfeng, Ranghulu and Honggang)


Contents

Administrative divisions

Daqing is divided into 9 county-level divisions: 5 districts, 3 counties and 1 autonomous county.

Map
Daqing mcp.png
# Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population (2003 est.) Area (km²) Density (/km²)
1 Sartu District 萨尔图区 Sà'ěrtú Qū 260,000 549 474
2 Longfeng District 龙凤区 Lóngfèng Qū 160,000 510 314
3 Ranghulu District 让胡路区 Rànghúlù Qū 380,000 1,394 273
4 Datong District 大同区 Dàtóng Qū 250,000 2,235 112
5 Honggang District 红岗区 Hónggǎng Qū 130,000 812 160
6 Zhaozhou County 肇州县 Zhàozhōu Xiàn 440,000 2,445 180
7 Zhaoyuan County 肇源县 Zhàoyuán Xiàn 450,000 4,198 107
8 Lindian County 林甸县 Líndiàn Xiàn 270,000 3,591 75
9 Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County 杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县 Dù'ěrbótè Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn 250,000 6,427 39

History

Until the Qing Dynasty, the area now known as Daqing was a reasonably insignificant place, known only as a hunting ground due to its wetland and prairies, and consequently it remained unsettled. It grew slightly after Russia constructed the Chinese Eastern Railway through the area with a stop at Saertu. Daqing was founded in 1959 to house workers extracting oil and gas from the Daqing oilfield and to host industries which could take advantage of the energy and petrochemicals. Since its foundation it has been advocated as a model of good practice in industry and healthcare by the Chinese government. The fact that Mao Zedong promulgated his Supreme Directive, In industry, learn from Daqing, in the 1960s reflects how important a role Daqing has historically played in industry in China. The film Entrepreneurial Pioneers (Chinese: 创业), made in the early 1970s, is a literary rendition of the history of Daqing. During the Mao era, Daqing's agricultural counterpart was Dazhai, a village in the hilly Xiyang county, Shanxi Province, for which Chairman Mao issued the directive In agriculture, learn from Dazhai, also in the 1960s.

Demographics

Daqing has a population of 2.58 million, urban population 901,840 of them mainly Han Chinese, with a few population of other 31 minority ethnic groups including Manchu, Mongolian, Korean, and Hui nationalities. The population density is 112.69/km², urban population density 205.07/km².

Climate

Located in the north temperate zone, Daqing belongs to the continental monsoon climate and is affected by the cold air mass from the inland of Mongolia and the monsoon resulted from the warm air mass of the ocean. Generally, the winter is cold with occasional snowfalls, and spring and autumn are prevailed by monsoons. A shorter frost free period, and plenty of rainfall comes in step with the heat, all of which are good for crops and herbage. The yearly average temperature is 5.6 degrees Celsius with a summer average of 22 degrees Celsius, and 2658.1 hours of sunshine, 229 days[dubious ] free of frost in average.[citation needed] The daily difference in temperature can be up to 14 degrees Celsius during the growth period of crops.

Economy

Daqing's economy highly depends on petroleum and related industries. Daqing's oilfield is China's largest oilfield, and the world's fourth most productive oil field. Petroleum accounts for 60.8% of GDP. In 2008 Gross Domestic Product was RMB 222 billion yuan, while GDP Per capita RMB 80,092 (US$11,532), so Daqing is ranked eighth by GDP per capita among 659 Chinese cities. Being the most important petrochemical base in China, Daqing has established five pillar industries, including extraction of petroleum and natural gas, petrochemicals, agricultural product processing, building materials and equipment manufacturing.

Transportation

Daqing is located on the Harbin-Manzhouli Railway.

Culture

Daqing spirit

Daqing has a unique culture centering around the Iron man spirit, which was generated by the history of this city. It consists of patriotism, truth-seeking, entrepreneurial spirit and dedication. Wang Jinxi, a petroleum worker on the Daqing Oilfield who was know as the Iron Man, was honored as a national hero due to his contributions to the petroleum industry of China. In the 1960s, Daqing was established by the central government as a model for the secondary industry. Its entrepreneurial process has two stages: the first involves discovering a large oilfield in the wasteland; the second concerns itself with building a modern city near the oilfield. Films have been made to illuminate the entrepreneurial history of both Daqing and its people.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Daqing is twinned with:

External links


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