Ontario Highway 19

Highway 19
Route information
Maintained by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
Length:	24.3 km[2] (15.1 mi)
Existed:	March 12, 1930[1] – present
Major junctions
South end:	Highway 3 in Tillsonburg
	County Road 18 – Mount Elgin
North end:	Highway 401 near Ingersoll
Location
Towns:	Ingersoll, Tillsonburg
Highway system
Ontario provincial highways 400-series • Former ← Highway 17 Highway 20 →

King's Highway 19, commonly referred to as Highway 19, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. Highway 19 currently runs from Tillsonburg north to a point near Ingersoll. The total length of Highway 19 is presently 18.8 km (11.7 mi), which is very similar to its original length in the 1930s (starting at Highway 2 in the north, and ending at Highway 3 in the south). The highway originally began as the Plank and Gravel Road, a toll road formed by the Ingersoll and Port Burwell Road Company.

Route description

Highway 19 travels through the following municipalities: Ostrander, Mount Elgin and Salford. The southern end begins at Highway 3 in Tillsonburg, while the northern end terminates 400 metres north of the centreline of Highway 401, south of Ingersoll's town limits. Highway 19 is entirely situated in Oxford County. Prior to 1998, the began in Port Burwell on the shores of Lake Erie, while the northern terminus extended to Highway 86 east of Listowel.^[3]

History

The history of Highway 19 dates back to 1849, when the Baldwin Act and the Act to Authorize Formation of Joint Stock Companies were passed.^[4] George Tillson, his sons and his brother-in-law Benjamin Van Norman were the principal stockholders of the Ingersoll and Port Burwell Road Company, which they formed along with approximately 200 shareholders in September 1849. Proceeding quickly, the company established eight toll booths along the new route, which became known as the Plank and Gravel Road due to the materials with which it was constructed.^[5]

However, the greed of toll road operators resulted in diminishing upkeep, which forced the province to enact legislature allowing counties to assume ownership of the roads.^[4] It took until 1907 for Oxford County to assume the toll road; the proprietors were compensated with $15,500.^[5]

The gradual implementation of various legislation over the following decade allowed many counties to vastly improve roads under their jurisdiction. By the time the Department of Highways (DHO) assumed the road from Highway 3 in Tillsonburg to Highway 2 in Ingersoll on March 12 1930 as King's Highway 19, it was gravelled.^[1] A year later, on May 27, 1931, the highway was extended north from Woodstock to Shakespeare. As a result of this, a concurrency with Highway 2 was created between Ingersoll and Woodstock. Several months later, on July 1, the department assumed the remainder of the Ingersoll to Port Burwell Road, extending Highway 19 south of Tillsonburg.^[6]

As part of a depression relief program, the DHO and Department of Labour undertook several projects in 1933 and 1934, one of which included the Stratford to Tralee Road. On July 4, 1934, the DHO assumed the road as part of Highway 19. To remedy the discontinuity, a 12-kilometre (7.5 mi) concurrency with Highway 7 was established.^[7] At this point, Highway 19 had grown from its original length of 15.6 miles (25.1 km) to 148.4 kilometres (92.2 mi).^[1][8]

The route remained unchanged until the early 1960s, when several highways were renumbered. Highway 19 between Woodstock and Shakespeare was redesignated as Highway 59, while Highway 100 between Thamesford and St. Marys was redesignated as Highway 19. The concurrencies with Highway 2 and Highway 7 were relocated as a result of this renumbering; Highway 19 became concurrent with Highway 2 between Ingersoll and Thamesford, and with Highway 7 between St. Marys and Stratford. While the length of the route was reduced insignificantly as a result of this renumbering, it became more direct.^[9][10]

Between then and 1997, no changes were made to Highway 19. On April 1, 1997, the section from Highway 3 south to Port Burwell was transferred to Elgin County, Oxford County and Haldimand–Norfolk.^[11] This was followed by a second round of transfers on January 1, 1998, which resulted in the section north of Highway 401 being decommissioned and assumed by Oxford County and Perth County.^[12]

Today, the majority of the Port Burwell to Tillsonburg segment is designated as Elgin County Road 19. A short segment in Haldimand–Norfolk and Oxford County immediately south of Tillsonburg is still designated as Highway 19, but is both signed and maintained as a county road. The Ingersoll to St. Marys segment is now known as Oxford County Road 119, while the segment north of Stratford is designated as Perth County Road 119 through Brunner, then Perth County Road 131 through Milverton.^[3]

Major intersections

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 19. In addition, it includes some minor junctions that are noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.^[2] The entirety of Highway 19 is located within Oxford County.^[3]

Location	km[2]	Destinations	Notes
Tillsonburg	0.0	Highway 3 (Talbot Road)
	5.5		Tillsonburg town limits
Mount Elgin	14.4	County Road 18
Ingersoll	24.3	Highway 401 – London, Woodstock, Cambridge	Highway ends at north end of interchange

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Annual Report (Report). Department of Highways. March 31, 1932. p. 76. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2007). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts". http://www.raqsb.mto.gov.on.ca/techpubs/TrafficVolumes.nsf/tvweb?OpenForm&Seq=5. Retrieved August 13, 2011. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} Peter Heiler (2010). Ontario Back Road Atlas (Map). Cartography by MapArt. p. 15, section S20–U21. ISBN 978-1-55198-226-7. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Shragge, John; Bagnato, Sharon (1984). From Footpaths to Freeways. Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Historical Committee. pp. 50–51. ISBN 0-7743-9388-2. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Gillies, Scott. "Highway 19 Was a Toll Road". Ingersoll Times (Sun Media). http://www.ingersolltimes.com/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=2564117. Retrieved August 12, 2011. 
6. ^ Annual Report (Report). Department of Highways. March 31, 1932. p. 78. 
7. ^ Annual Report (Report). Department of Highways. March 31, 1935. p. 119. 
8. ^ Department of Highways (1938–1939). Ontario Road Map (Map). Section Mileage Table. 
9. ^ Ontario Department of Highways (1961). Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by C.P. Robins. Section T30–31. 
10. ^ Ontario Department of Highways (1962). Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by C.P. Robins. Section T30–31. 
11. ^ Highway Transfers List (Report). Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. April 1, 1997. pp. 2, 4, 7. 
12. ^ Highway Transfers List - “Who Does What” (Report). Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. June 20, 2001. pp. 10–11. 

External links

• Google Maps: Highway 19 route
• Highway 19 pictures and information