Clavariadelphus truncatus

Clavariadelphus truncatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Basidiomycetes
Subclass:	Agaricomycetidae
Order:	Gomphales
Family:	Gomphaceae
Genus:	Clavariadelphus
Species:	C. truncatus
Binomial name
Clavariadelphus truncatus (Quél.) Donk
Synonyms
Clavariadelphus borealis V.L. Wells & Kempton Clavariadelphus lovejoyae V.L. Wells & Kempton Clavariadelphus truncatus var. lovejoyae (V.L. Wells & Kempton) Corner Craterellus pistillaris Fr. Trombetta pistillaris (Fr.) Kuntze Clavaria truncata Lovejoy

Clavariadelphus truncatus is a species of mushroom. The common name of the species is club coral. It is a member of the Gomphaceae family of Basidiomycete fungi.

Description

The species has a fruiting body in the shape of a club. The flesh is white, thin, and hollow at the top.^[1] The vertical side of the fruiting body normally has folds and wrinkles, but can be smooth. The spores are smooth and their spore print is pale yellow to ochre.^[2] The yellow chanterelle is distantly related to the mushroom and looks nearly the same, except for the ridges and cross-veined hymenium.^[3] The authors of Edible Wild Mushrooms of North America said that they think that it is unlikely that anyone would confuse the mushroom with another species.^[4]

Habitat

The mushroom's habitat is in coniferous forests from summer to autumn.^[1] The mushroom is a common species.^[5] The species can be found at a high elevation and is widely distributed.^[6] C. truncatus can bioaccumulate significant amounts of zinc,^[7] and radioactive caesium-137.^[8]

Edibility

The mushroom is edible and has a sweet taste.^[1] While the species is edible, old mushrooms may be spongy and soft inside.^[9] The species is high in nutrition and can be used for cooking.^[10] The authors of North American mushrooms: a field guide to edible and inedible fungi said that the mushroom has a pleasant odor.^[1] A Field Guide to Mushrooms: North America says that the mushroom is one of the best to eat and has a sweet flavor that is especially appealing to some people.^[11] David Arora, the author of Mushrooms demystified: a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi, said that the mushroom can be sauteed and served for dessert.^[12]

Medicinal

The mushroom contains clavaric acid, which has been shown to reduce the rate of tumor development when given to mice.^[13] Clavaric acid interferes with farnesyl-protein transferase, an enzyme implicated in tumorigenesis, which suggests that clavaric acid may have theraputic value in the treatment of certain cancers.^[13]

See also

Medicinal mushrooms

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d} K. Miller, Orson; Miller, Hope (2006). North American mushrooms: a field guide to edible and inedible fungi. Globe Pequot. pp. 343. ISBN 9780762731091. http://books.google.com/?id=zjvXkLpqsEgC&pg=PA343&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=12#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
2. ^ C. Roody, William (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginia and the Central Appalachians. Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. pp. 408. ISBN 9780813190396. http://books.google.com/?id=5HGMPEiy4ykC&pg=PA408&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=13#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
3. ^ "Clavariadelphus truncatus". California Fungi. http://www.mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Clavariadelphus_truncatus.html. Retrieved 2010-01-17. 
4. ^ Authors, Multiple (1992). Edible Wild Mushrooms of North America: A Field-To-Kitchen Guide. Texas: University of Texas Press. pp. 114. ISBN 9780292720800. http://books.google.com/?id=zsJN7NZutTAC&pg=PA114&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=18#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
5. ^ "Clavariadelphus truncatus". University of Guelph. http://www.uoguelph.ca/~gbarron/CORAL/clavdelp.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-17. 
6. ^ Stucky Evenson, Vera (1997). Mushrooms of Colorado and the Southern Rocky Mountains. Big Earth Publishing. pp. 165. ISBN 9781565791923. http://books.google.com/?id=EAeDeyqZLq0C&pg=PA165&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=16#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
7. ^ Gonen, TF; Yamac M, Cabuk A, Yildiz Z, M; Cabuk, A; Yildiz, Z (2008). "Selection of newly isolated mushroom strains for tolerance and biosorption of zinc in vitro". Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 18 (3): 483–489. PMID 18388466. 
8. ^ Gaso, MI; Segovia N, Morton O, Lopez JL, Machuca A, Hernandez E, N; Morton, O; Lopez, JL; Machuca, A; Hernandez, E (2007). "Radioactive and stable metal bioaccumulation, crystalline compound and siderophore detection in Clavariadelphus truncatus". Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 97 (1): 57–69. doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.03.003. PMID 17466420. 
9. ^ Hanchett Smith, Alexander; S. Weber, Nancy (1980). The mushroom hunter's field guide. Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 79. ISBN 9780472856107. http://books.google.com/?id=TYI4f6fqrfkC&pg=RA1-PA79&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=4#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
10. ^ Persson, Olle (1998). The chanterelle book. Ten Speed Press. pp. 78. ISBN 9780898159479. http://books.google.com/?id=AGRF3tqnCgsC&pg=PA78&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=21#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
11. ^ Authors, Multiple (1998). A Field Guide to Mushrooms: North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 72. ISBN 9780395910900. http://books.google.com/?id=kSdA3V7Z9WcC&pg=PA72&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=6#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
12. ^ Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms demystified: a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi. Ten Speed Press. pp. 634. ISBN 9780898151695. http://books.google.com/?id=86tM01VsFG0C&pg=RA1-PA634&dq=Clavariadelphus+truncatus&cd=11#v=onepage&q=Clavariadelphus%20truncatus&f=false. 
13. ^ ^{a b} Jayasuriya, Hiranthi; Silverman, Keith C.; Zink, Deborah L.; Jenkins, Rosalind G.; Sanchez, Manuel; Pelaez, Fernando; Vilella, Dolores; Lingham, Russell B. et al. (1998). "Note Clavaric Acid: A Triterpenoid Inhibitor of Farnesyl-Protein Transferase from Clavariadelphus truncatus". Journal of Natural Products 61 (12): 1568–1570. doi:10.1021/np980200c. PMID 9868169. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/np980200c. Retrieved 2010-01-17. 

External links

• Healing-mushrooms.net Image & description of bioactive properties