congruence
21Congruence lattice problem — In mathematics, the congruence lattice problem asks whether every algebraic distributive lattice is isomorphic to the congruence lattice of some other lattice. The problem was posed by Robert P. Dilworth, and for many years it was one of the most …
22Congruence relation — See congruence (geometry) for the term as used in elementary geometry. In abstract algebra, a congruence relation (or simply congruence) is an equivalence relation on an algebraic structure (such as a group, ring, or vector space) that is… …
23Congruence subgroup — In mathematics, a congruence subgroup of a matrix group with integer entries is a subgroup defined by congruence conditions on the entries. A very simple example would be invertible 2x2 integer matrices of determinant 1, such that the off… …
24Congruence (general relativity) — In general relativity, a congruence (more properly, a congruence of curves) is the set of integral curves of a (nowhere vanishing) vector field in a four dimensional Lorentzian manifold which is interpreted physically as a model of spacetime.… …
25Congruence (geometry) — An example of congruence. The two figures on the left are congruent, while the third is similar to them. The last figure is neither similar nor congruent to any of the others. Note that congruence …
26Congruence (manifolds) — In the theory of smooth manifolds, a congruence is the set of integral curves defined by a nonvanishing vector field defined on the manifold. Congruences are an important concept in general relativity, and are also important in parts of… …
27Congruence sur les entiers — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Congruence. La congruence sur les entiers est une relation pouvant unir deux entiers. Elle fut pour la première fois étudiée en tant que structure par le mathématicien allemand Carl Friedrich Gauss à la fin du… …
28Congruence (variété différentielle) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir congruence. En relativité générale, le terme de congruence désigne un ensemble de courbes ne s intersectant pas, susceptibles de représente un flot géodésique de particules se déplaçant sur une variété… …
29Congruence of squares — In number theory, a congruence of squares is a congruence commonly used in integer factorization algorithms. Derivation Given a positive integer n, Fermat s factorization method relies on finding numbers x, y satisfying the equality We can then… …
30Congruence de carrés — En arithmétique modulaire, une congruence de carrés modulo un entier n est une équation de la forme Utilisation Une telle équation apporte des informations utiles pour essayer de factoriser l entier n. En effet, Ceci veut dire que n divise le… …
