The+Stoic+philosophy
101virtue — A virtue is a trait of character that is to be admired: one rendering its possessor better, either morally, or intellectually, or in the conduct of specific affairs. Both Plato and Aristotle devote much time to the unity of the virtues, or the… …
102Grotius, Hugo — (1583–1645) Dutch philosopher of law. Grotius is the father of modern international law, and developed many of the building blocks for subsequent attempts to establish an international order. Born in Delft, he lived through the Thirty Years War,… …
103Chrysippus — (c. 280–207 BC) The third leading Stoic after Cleanthes, and possibly the most productive philosopher of all time, having written 705 books, none of which survive (however, ancient books were relatively short; see also Dewey ). Chrysippus was… …
104Arius Didymus — (1st c. BC) Known mainly as a source for Stoic and Aristotelian ethics in the Hellenistic period, and also for earlier physics. He was the teacher of the Roman emperor Augustus, and wrote a consolation to Livia, his wife, on the death of Drusus,… …
105Epictetus — (c. AD 55–135) The most influential teacher of Stoicism of his time, Epictetus was born a slave in Asia Minor. He was given his freedom around the year 68, but was banished from Rome by Diocletian around 90. He was lame for much of his life. It… …
106katalepsis — (Gk., seizing, taking possession) In Stoic thought, basic truths were apprehended by katalepsis, in the sense of being intuited or ‘given’. The doctrine was the focus of a great deal of sceptical attack …
107pneuma — (Gk., breath) In Greek and particularly in Stoic thought, the spirit, force, or creative fire that infuses the bodies of human beings …
108Posidonius of Apamea — (c. 135–51 BC) A Stoic philosopher and polymath, and a major influence on Cicero (who attended his school), Strabo, Seneca, and Pompey. What is known of Posidonius philosophical views contains little that is specific to him, but he had a… …
109thema — (pl. themata) Stoic term for the principles enabling one to derive one valid argument form from another, as opposed to schemata, which enable one to derive statements from other statements …
110Stoicism — Stoicism1 Brad Inwood 1 FROM SOCRATES TO ZENO More than eighty years passed between the death of Socrates in 399 BC and the arrival in Athens of Zeno in 312. Athenian society had undergone enormous upheavals, both political and social. The Greek… …
