- Achyuta Deva Raya
Achyuta Raya (1529-1542 CE) was a ruler of a
Vijayanagara Empire ofSouth India . He was the younger brother of Krishna Deva Raya, whom he succeeded in 1529. He patronised Kannada poet Chatu Vittalanatha and the great singerPurandaradasa (Father of Carnatic music) and the Sanskrit scholar Rajanatha Dindima II. Upon his death, the succession was disputed. His nephew, Sadashiva, finally became king while yet a child, under the regency ofAliya Rama Raya , a son-in-law ofKrishnadevaraya .The time when Achyuta Raya became the king was by no means a favorable one. The peace and prosperity of the halcyon days under Krishnadevaraya were coming to an end. Feudatories and enemies were waiting for an opportunity to bring down the empire. In addition, Achyuta Raya had to contend with the powerful Aliya Rama Raya, who was competing for the throne.
While the works of Nuniz speak very lowly of Achyuta Raya as being a king given to vices and cruelty, there is enough evidence to prove that the king was indeed noteworthy in his own right and fought hard to keep the prosperity of the kingdom alive. He had been handpicked by Krishnadevaraya himself as an able successor.
Ismail Adil Shah of Bijapur invaded and captured the Raichur doab. However the Gajapati's of Orissa and
Quli Qutub Shah ofGolconda were defeated and pushed back. Now Achyuta Raya along with his general Salakaraju Tirumala went on a southern campaign to bring the chiefs of Travancore and Ummatur under control. This they did successfully. Then they invaded the doab north of Tungabhadra and recaptured the forts of Raichur and Mudgal.The two Sanskrit works "Achyutabhyudayam" and "Varadambikaparinayam" describe the kings life and rule in detail.
Throughout his rule, Achyuta Raya had to contend with the manipulations of Rama Raya who in his powerful capacity had replaced many of the faithfull servants of the Kingdom in high ranking positions with men of his own favour. On more than one occasion the Bahamani Sultans were brought in to play the role of mediator between the king and Ailya Rama Raya in the game of power sharing. This would further weaken the kingdom. In 1542 Aliya Rama Raya imprisoned Achyuta Raya in a coup and made
Sadasiva Raya the new regent.Aliya Rama Raya became the de-facto king and let very little governance in the hands of Sadasiva Raya.The Tiruvengalanatha Temple was built at
Vijayanagara during his reign. It has become popularly known by his name as Achyutaraya Temple, rather than by the name of the deity Lord Venkateshwara to whom the temple was dedicated.References
* Prof K.A. Nilakanta Sastri, History of South India, From Prehistoric times to fall of Vijayanagar, 1955, OUP, New Delhi (Reprinted 2002)
External links
* [http://prabhu.50g.com/vijayngr/vij_cat2.html Coins]
* [http://www.hampionline.com/photogallery/show.php?gallery=achyutaraya_temple Pictures of temple on HampiOnline.com]
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