Basic fibroblast growth factor

Basic fibroblast growth factor, also known as bFGF or FGF2, is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family.cite journal | author = Kim HS | title = Assignment1 of the human basic fibroblast growth factor gene FGF2 to chromosome 4 band q26 by radiation hybrid mapping | journal = Cytogenet. Cell Genet. | volume = 83 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 73 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9925931 | doi = 10.1159/000015129 | url = | issn = ]

Function

In normal tissue, basic fibroblast growth factor is present in basement membranes and in the subendothelial extracellular matrix of blood vessels. It stays membrane-bound as long as there is no signal peptide.

It has been hypothesized that, during both wound healing of normal tissues and tumor development, the action of heparan sulfate-degrading enzymes activates bFGF, thus mediating the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis.

Additionally, bFGF is a critical component of human embryonic stem cell culture medium; the growth factor is necessary for the cells to remain in an undifferentiated state, although the mechanisms by which it does this are poorly defined. It has been demonstrated to induce gremlin expression which in turn is known to inhibit the induction of differentiation by bone morphogenetic proteins. [cite journal |author=Pereira RC, Economides AN, Canalis E |title=Bone morphogenetic proteins induce gremlin, a protein that limits their activity in osteoblasts |journal=Endocrinology |volume=141 |issue=12 |pages=4558–63 |year=2000 |month=December |pmid=11108268 |doi= |url=http://endo.endojournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11108268] It is necessary in mouse-feeder cell dependent culture systems, as well as in feeder and serum-free culture systems. [cite journal |author=Liu Y, Song Z, Zhao Y, Qin H, Cai J, Zhang H, Yu T, Jiang S, Wang G, Ding M, Deng H |title=A novel chemical-defined medium with bFGF and N2B27 supplements supports undifferentiated growth in human embryonic stem cells |journal=Biochem Biophys Res Commun |volume=346 |issue=1 |pages=131–9 |year=2006 |pmid=16753134 |doi=10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.086]

See also

* Fibroblast growth factor
* Signal transduction
* Receptor (biochemistry)
* Growth Factor
* Cytokine
* Angiogenesis

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Ornitz DM, Itoh N |title=Fibroblast growth factors. |journal=Genome Biol. |volume=2 |issue= 3 |pages= REVIEWS3005 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11276432 |doi=10.1186/gb-2001-2-3-reviews3005
*cite journal | author=Orpana A, Salven P |title=Angiogenic and lymphangiogenic molecules in hematological malignancies. |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=43 |issue= 2 |pages= 219–24 |year= 2003 |pmid= 11999550 |doi=10.1080/10428190290005964
*cite journal | author=Marie PJ, Debiais F, Haÿ E |title=Regulation of human cranial osteoblast phenotype by FGF-2, FGFR-2 and BMP-2 signaling. |journal=Histol. Histopathol. |volume=17 |issue= 3 |pages= 877–85 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12168799 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Vincent T, Saklatvala J |title=Basic fibroblast growth factor: an extracellular mechanotransducer in articular cartilage? |journal=Biochem. Soc. Trans. |volume=34 |issue= Pt 3 |pages= 456–7 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16709186 |doi= 10.1042/BST0340456
*cite journal | author=Ribatti D, Vacca A, Rusnati M, Presta M |title=The discovery of basic fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor-2 and its role in haematological malignancies. |journal=Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. |volume=18 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 327–34 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17537668 |doi= 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.04.011
*cite journal | author=Watson R, Anthony F, Pickett M, "et al." |title=Reverse transcription with nested polymerase chain reaction shows expression of basic fibroblast growth factor transcripts in human granulosa and cumulus cells from in vitro fertilisation patients. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=187 |issue= 3 |pages= 1227–31 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1417798 |doi=10.1016/0006-291X(92)90434-M
*cite journal | author=Zhu X, Komiya H, Chirino A, "et al." |title=Three-dimensional structures of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors. |journal=Science |volume=251 |issue= 4989 |pages= 90–3 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1702556 |doi=10.1126/science.1702556
*cite journal | author=Eriksson AE, Cousens LS, Weaver LH, Matthews BW |title=Three-dimensional structure of human basic fibroblast growth factor. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 8 |pages= 3441–5 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1707542 |doi=10.1073/pnas.88.8.3441
*cite journal | author=Ago H, Kitagawa Y, Fujishima A, "et al." |title=Crystal structure of basic fibroblast growth factor at 1.6 A resolution. |journal=J. Biochem. |volume=110 |issue= 3 |pages= 360–3 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1769963 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Florkiewicz RZ, Shibata F, Barankiewicz T, "et al." |title=Basic fibroblast growth factor gene expression. |journal=Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. |volume=638 |issue= |pages= 109–26 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1785797 |doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb49022.x
*cite journal | author=Zhang JD, Cousens LS, Barr PJ, Sprang SR |title=Three-dimensional structure of human basic fibroblast growth factor, a structural homolog of interleukin 1 beta. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 8 |pages= 3446–50 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1849658 |doi=10.1073/pnas.88.8.3446
*cite journal | author=Wu DQ, Kan MK, Sato GH, "et al." |title=Characterization and molecular cloning of a putative binding protein for heparin-binding growth factors. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=266 |issue= 25 |pages= 16778–85 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1885605 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Fukushima Y, Byers MG, Fiddes JC, Shows TB |title=The human basic fibroblast growth factor gene (FGFB) is assigned to chromosome 4q25. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=54 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 159–60 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2265560 |doi=10.1159/000132983
*cite journal | author=Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Galland F, Simonetti J, "et al." |title=The human basic fibroblast growth factor gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 4 at bands q26-q27. |journal=Oncogene Res. |volume=5 |issue= 3 |pages= 241–4 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2320377 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Story MT, Esch F, Shimasaki S, "et al." |title=Amino-terminal sequence of a large form of basic fibroblast growth factor isolated from human benign prostatic hyperplastic tissue. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=142 |issue= 3 |pages= 702–9 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2435284 |doi=10.1016/0006-291X(87)91471-9
*cite journal | author=Kurokawa T, Sasada R, Iwane M, Igarashi K |title=Cloning and expression of cDNA encoding human basic fibroblast growth factor. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=213 |issue= 1 |pages= 189–94 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2435575 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(87)81489-8
*cite journal | author=Prats H, Kaghad M, Prats AC, "et al." |title=High molecular mass forms of basic fibroblast growth factor are initiated by alternative CUG codons. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=86 |issue= 6 |pages= 1836–40 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2538817 |doi=10.1073/pnas.86.6.1836
*cite journal | author=Florkiewicz RZ, Sommer A |title=Human basic fibroblast growth factor gene encodes four polypeptides: three initiate translation from non-AUG codons. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=86 |issue= 11 |pages= 3978–81 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2726761 |doi=10.1073/pnas.86.11.3978
*cite journal | author=Abraham JA, Whang JL, Tumolo A, "et al." |title=Human basic fibroblast growth factor: nucleotide sequence, genomic organization, and expression in mammalian cells. |journal=Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. |volume=51 Pt 1 |issue= |pages= 657–68 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3472745 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sommer A, Brewer MT, Thompson RC, "et al." |title=A form of human basic fibroblast growth factor with an extended amino terminus. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=144 |issue= 2 |pages= 543–50 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3579930 |doi=10.1016/S0006-291X(87)80001-3

External links

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