José Cândido de Melo Carvalho

Infobox Scientist
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name = José Cândido de Melo Carvalho


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birth_date = birth date|1914|06|11
birth_place = Carmo do Rio Claro, Minas Gerais
death_date = death date and age|1994|10|22|1914|06|11
death_place = Rio de Janeiro
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nationality = Brazilian
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fields = Zoology, Entomology
workplaces = Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro
alma_mater = D.V.M. Universidade Federal de Viçosa Ph.D. University of Iowa
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known_for = Studies on Miridae (Hemiptera)
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author_abbrev_zoo = J.C.M. Carvalho
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religion = Roman Catholic


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José Cândido de Melo Carvalho (June 11, 1914—October 22, 1994) was a Brazilian zoologist who specialized in entomology and was a world authority on the true bugs or Hemiptera. He was director of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (1955-1960), in Belém, and of the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. His abilities both in science and in the field of politics helped Brazil to develop and maintain a high level of systematic biology.

Carvalho published more than 500 papers on the taxonomy of the Miridae, as well as studies of other insect groups. Between 1957 and 1960 his catalog of the Miridae of the world was published by the National Museum, totaling more than 1,100 pages.

In addition, he published on the knowledge of animals by Indians of the Xingu River basin, and on the explorations of early naturalists in the Amazon.

He was a member of the Vatican Academy of Sciences, and Vice-President of the Brazilian National Research Council.

He participated in the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, at which time he became friends with future Brazilian president Castelo Branco.