Tequixquiac

Infobox Settlement
name = Tequixquiac
settlement_type = Municipality
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = Mexico
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Mexico State
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subdivision_type2 = Municipal seat
subdivision_name2 = Santiago Tequixquiac
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timezone = CST
utc_offset = -6
timezone_DST = CDT
utc_offset_DST = -5
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Tequixquiac is a municipality located in the northeastern part of the state of Mexico in Mexico. The census of 2005 reported a population 31,080. The municipality has an area of 80.34 km². The municipal seat is in the city of Santiago Tequixquiac. Other significant communities in the municipality include Tlapanaloya and Wenceslao Labra (into San Juan Zitlaltepec town from Zumpango municipality).

The municipality takes its name from the nahuatl word "Tequixquiāc", which is formed by three words: "", which means "Peter stone or Sodium bicarbonate with salt", "ā-tl", which means "water" and -c, which means "place" or "place over" in a metaphorical form. Finished this, the name means "Place over Peter stone waters". Tequixquiac is located north from Zumpango, and inside the Greater Mexico City limits.

Climate

The humid climate is temperate, with an average annual temperature of 17 º and 436 mm of annual prepcipitación average, with a rainy season between May and September.

History

The first settlers of Tequixquiac, were indigenous and Otomís and Aztecs, who decided to settle in this place a definitive by the abundance of rivers and springs. It is mainly devoted to farming and raising domestic animals.

In 1168, is based on people of Tequixquiac, which had about 250 houses scattered across the length and breadth of hills nearby. The people of Tequixquiac was conquered by the Aztecs under the government of Emperor Chimalpopoca.

During the colony after the fall of Tenochtitlan, Hernán Cortés rewarded soldiers with their parcels and one of them was Tequixquiac which was handed over to two Spaniards, one of them was Martín Lopez, builder of the brig in making Tenochtitlan and the other Andrés Nuñez was being divided into two, inherit their children after his death. Tequixquiac belonged to the administration of Zitlatepec, in this era Viceroy Luis de Velasco regulated entrusted to the protection of indigenous people.

Throughout Tequixquiac, Apaxco and Hueypoxtla had deposits of lime, mercedes granted by the Spaniards they implemented a thriving industry using Indian labour, decimating the population in conditions of extreme poverty and forced labor.

They were gathered families scattered by the Tlaxcaltec Francisco Lopez de Tlaltzintlale by the year 1552 for stripping of their lands and they were scattered by the Spaniards mercedes real.

The Spanish empire looked justify their actions through the Christian mission. The Franciscans arrived in New Spain in 1524 but before they arrived some clerics to evangelize the Indians built a hermitage in each entrusts.

With the help of the Franciscans built the temple of Santiago Tequixquiac and the header was the main secular people of doctrine for 1569 that was subject to the peoples of San Mateo Hueycalco, San Sebastián Tlalachco and some other hamlets.

The church of Santiago Tequixquiac became a parish in 1590 and formerly vicarage. The construction of the temple was carried out at different stages, the parish was a large atrium space with a cross atrial in the center stone carved with symbols and indigenous Christians in the four corners chapels and puddles in the center with a chapel open beautiful spiral columns on the facade and two jambas extraordinarily carved in stone hands with Indian who left part of his philosophy embodied in it. The temple was dedicated to St. James Apostle, due to some families of Galicia, Asturias and León settled in the region.

It tells the people that there was a terrible drought and borrowing from Apaxco sculpture of Lord's Chapel made fibre cane to ask him to bring rain to the farmland, where the most wanted to return the sculpture could not be lifted because became very heavy. Since then stayed in Tequixquiac making countless miracles. In his honor takes place flok dance rods of practising a large group of dancers under promise that this tradition continues with feature Tequixquiac.

At the beginning of the political jurisdiction of Tequixquiac covered the current territory without the people of Tlapanaloya who joined in the eighteenth century. For some time Added Apaxco because it did not infraestrctura to be an economic jurisdiction.

During the independence movement came to the news by Tequixquiac dances and arriería as media. Tequixquiac was among the first people of that province was set up as the municipality on November 29, 1820 joining the Independence of Mexico on the basis of the Constitution of Cadiz.

For the Municipal Regulation book December 17, 1823, issued Tequixquiac the form of government that would govern the country. "The Mexican nation adopts for its form of government the Federal People's Republic representatives," published in the same way the oath to the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States in October 1824.

References

* [http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/ Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005] INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática
* [http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_mexico México] Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México